The augustan age

about 18th century

1. THE AUGUSTAN AGE (1700-90)

2. Historical Background – The term “Augustan” was derived from the name of the Roman emperor Augustus Caesar . Three of the greatest writer Virgil, Horace and Ovid living around this time. The writers were anxious motto give expression to decay personal feelings. It became the property of much larger classes and more divese class of merchant gentry and professional man. 18 th century literature is replete with a sense of pride in England as a land of stability and liberty.

3. Literary Background – Literature reflected the life of the times; the intellectual climate of the period veired more towards the development of the prose gew while poetry became satirical . John Locke’s published his essay Concerning Human Understanding in 1690, Alexander Pope’s essay on Man’ was published in 1734.

4. Writer Works Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) Death of Dr. Swift (1731), Cadenus and Vanessa(1723) John Gay(1685-1732) The Rural Sports(1713),The Shepherd’s Week(1714), The What d’ Ye Call It (1715) Alexander Pope (1688- 1744) Windsor Forest (1713), The Rape of the lock (1712) Dr. Samuel Johnson(1709-84) London(1738), The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749) James Thomson(1700-49) Winter (1726), The Seasons(1730), Liberty(1735-36) John Dyer (1699-1757) Grongar Hill(1726)

5. Mid- 18 th Century Poetry Writer Works Thomas Gray (1716-71) Ode (1747),Elegy(1751) William Collins(1721-59) Persian Eclogues(1742) Christopher Smart (1722-71) A song of David(1763) Oliver Goldsmith(1728-74) The traveller(1764),The Deserted Village (1770)

6. 18 th century prose Writer Works Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) The Battle of Books(1704), A Tale of a Tub(1704), Gulliver’s Travels(1726) Joseph Addison (1672-1719) The Vision of Mirza , and Public Credit (prose)and Cato(1713), The Drummer (1715)[drama]. Daniel Defoe (1659(?)-1731) The Review (1704), The Shortest was with the Dissenters (1702) John Arbuthnot (1667-1735) Memoirs of Martinus Scriblerus (1709), The History of John Bull(1712), The Art of Political lying(1712) Lord Bolingbroke(1678-1751) The latter on the spirit of Patriotism(1736),The Idea of a Patriot King(1738) George Berkeley(1685-1735) The Principle of Human Knowledge, Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous (1713)

7. 18 th Century Non- Fiction Prose Writer Works Oliver Goldsmith(1728-74) The Citizen of the World(1759), The Vicar of Wakefield(1766) Edward Gibbon(1737-94) A History of Switzerland(1770), Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire(1776) James Boswell(1740-95) The Life of Samuel Johnson(1791) Edmund Burke (1729-97) The Vindication of Natural Society(1756), Reflection on the Revolution in France(1790), On American Taxation(1774) William Paley(1743-1805) Principle of Moral and Political Philosophy (1785), A View of the Evidences of Christianity(1794)

8. Later 18 th Century Prose Writer Works William Cowper(1731-1800) The Task(1785), Homer(1791) George Crabbe(1754-1832) The Village(1783), The Parish Register (1807), Tales in Verse (1812) Mary Leapor’s (1722-46) An Essay on Women(1751) Joanna Bailley (1762-1851) Metrical Legends(1821)

9. 18 th Century Dramatist Writer Works Henry Fielding (1707-54) Love in Seneral Masques(1728), The Temple Bean(1730), The Modern Husband(1732) and The Universal Gallant(1735). Richard Cumberland(1732-1811) The Brothers(1769), The West Indian(1771) Colley Ciber (1671-1757) Love’s Last Shijto or The Fool in Fashion(1696), The Careless Husband(1728), The Lady Last stake(1707) Richard Steele(1672-1729) The Funeral(1701),The Lying Lover(1703), The Tender Husband(1705) Oliver Goldsmith(1728-74) The Good natur’d Man(1768),She Stoops to Conquer(1773)

10. Women Dramatist, Novelist and Poet of the 18 th Century Writer Works Mary Leapors (1722-46) An Essay on Women(1751) Mrs. Susonnah (1669-1723) The Busie Body(1709), The Gomestes (1705), The Basset Table(1705) Sarah Fielding( 1710-68) The Adventures of David Simple(1744) and The Governess or The Little Female Academy(1749) Ann Radcliffe(1764-1823) The Mysteries of Udolpho (1794) Marie Shelley (1797-1851) Fronkestine Emily Bronte(1818-1848) Wuthering Heights (1847)