THE BASIC LEARNING ABOUT PLUMBER - LE- 1

Plumber

1. PLUMBING
INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL ARTS
PREPARED BY: ENGR. RANIEL J. OJANOLA , LPT

2. PLUMBING
Plumbingtheartandtechniqueofinstallingpipes,fixtures,
andotherapparatusesinbuildingsforbringinginthesupply
ofliquids,substancesand/oringredientsandremoving
them;andsuchwater,liquidandothercarried-wastes
hazardoustohealth,sanitation,lifeandpropertypipesand
fixturesafterinstallation.,the'plumbingsystem'.(Section
217.6TheRevisedNationalPlumbingCodeofthe
Philippines1999)

3. PLUMBING SYSTEM
PlumbingSystemincludesallpotablewatersupplyand
distributionpipes,allplumbingfixturesandtraps;all
sanitaryandstormdrainagesystems;ventpipes,roof
drains,leadersanddownspouts;andallbuildingdrainsand
sewers,includingtheirrespectivejointsandconnections;
devices,receptacles,andappurtenanceswithinthe
property;waterlinesinthepremises;potable,tap,hotand
chilledwaterpiping;potablewatertreatingorusing
equipment;fuelgaspiping;waterheatersandventsfor
same.(Section217.12NPC1999)

4. Pluming Systems:
1. The water supply and water distribution system
◦Carries water from the water source, street main or a pump to the building and to
various points in the building at which water is used.
2. The plumbing fixtures
◦The receptacles that receive the supplied water and allow the occupants of the
building to use the water.
3. The drainage system
◦The piping network within the building which conveys from the plumbing fixtures all
wastes and fecal matter (sanitary drainage) as well as rainwater (storm drainage) to a
point of disposal or a treatment facility.

5. THE PLUMBER
Theplumberistheonewhoworksor
engagesinthebusinessofinstallingin
buildingsthepipesfixturesandother
apparatusforbringinginthewater
supplyandremovingliquidand
waterbornewastes.

6. THE PLUMBER
Therearethreecategoriesofplumbersbasedupontheirgracesofexperiences.
Theyare:
1.Apprenticeplumber-abeginneratthetradewhousuallyservesfor3to5years
ashelpertoajourneyman.
2.Journeymanplumber-hasservedhisapprenticeshipandiscompetenttoperform
thetasksofinstallingandrepairingplumbing.
3.Masterplumber-apersontechnicallyandlegallyqualifiedandlicensedto
practicetheprofessionofmasterplumbingwithoutlimitationsinaccordancewith
RepublicAct1378,havingpassedtheexaminationsconductedbytheProfessional
RegulationCommission(PRC),hasreceivedacertificateofregistrationfromthe
boardofmasterplumbingandpossessesthecurrentlicensetopractice.(Section
214.5NPC200)

7. PLUMBING
Plumbingreferstothesystemaswellasthematerial
fixturesandtheapparatususedinsideabuildingfor
supplyingwater,removingtheusedwaterwithotherliquid
andwater-bornewastesaswellastheconnectedventilating
system.

8. PLUMBING HAZARDS
Plumbingworkinvolvesseveralhazardsthatcanposeriskstothehealthandsafetyof
thoseinvolvedintheinstallation,maintenance,andrepairofplumbingsystems.
1.Exposuretochemicalsandhazardoussubstances
2.Electricalhazards
3.Slips,trips,andfalls
4.Exposuretosewageandotherwaste
5.Burnsandscalds
6.Musculoskeletalinjuries

9. SAFETY GUIDELINES
Plumbingworkinvolvesseveralhazardsthatcanposeriskstothehealthandsafety
ofthoseinvolvedintheinstallation,maintenance,andrepairofplumbingsystems.
1.Wearprotectivegear 5.Useproperventilation
2.Turnoffthewatersupply6.Keeptheareaclean
3.Usetherighttools 7.Usecautionwithchemicals
4.Followbuildingcodes 8.Seekprofessionalhelp

10. A. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
Itisresponsibleforprovidingclean,safewatertotheplumbingsystem.
RolesofWaterSupplySystem:
1.ProvidingCleanWater
2.MaintainingWaterPressure
3.PreventingWaterContamination
4.ShuttingoffwaterSupply
5.Regulatingwaterpressure
6.Monitoringwaterusage

11. B. DRAINAGE SYSTEM
Itisresponsibleforremovingwastewaterfromtheplumbingsystem.
RolesofdrainageSystem:
1.RemovingWasteWater
2.Preventingbackups
3.Maintainingcleanliness
4.Preventingcontamination
5.Transportingwastewater
6.Removinggases

12. C. VENTILATION SYSTEM
playsacrucialroleinmaintainingproperpressureandpreventingthebuildup
ofhazardousgasessuchassewergas.
RolesofVENTILATIONSystem:
1.Removalofsewergas
2.Maintainingpressure
3.Preventingbackflow
4.Removingmoisture
5.Improvingindoorairquality

13. OBJECTIVE OF PLUMBING
1.Tosupplywatertothedifferentpartsofthe
building.
2.Toremoveanddischargehumanwastesand
othersubstancesoutofthebuildingintothe
publicsewerorsewertank.

14. CONDITIONS FOR EFFECTIVE
WATER SUPPLY
1.Toprovidesufficientamountofwatersupply
toeachfixture
2.Topreventbackflowofusedwaterintothe
watersupplysystem.

15. COMMON TERMINOLOGIES
1.Sewer-anundergroundtunnelthatcarriesoffthe
drainageandwastematterfromahouseortown.
2.Sewerage-thesystemofsewersordrainageofatown.
3.Fixtures-anyofthefixedplumbingitemsinahousehold
orbuildingsuchaslavatories,shows,bathtubs,etc.

16. COMMON TERMINOLOGIES
4.Trap-isafittingordevicesodesignedastoprovidewhen
properlyventedaliquidsealthatwillpreventthebackflowor
passageofairwithoutmateriallyaffectingtheflowofsewerage
throughit.
5.SepticTank-isaconcretestructureunderthegroundlevel
designedtoholdanddepositsolidandliquidwasteofabuilding.
6.CheckValve-atypeofbackflowpreventerinstalledonapipeso
thatthewaterisallowedtoflowononedirectiononly.

17. PLUMBING TOOLS AND
MATERIALS
TOOLS AND MATERIALS PICTURE FUNCTION
PIPE WRENCH Type of tools used for loosening and
tightening pipes.
ADJUSTABLE WRENCH Isused to tighten or loosen hexagonal
fittings.
PIPE VISE Used in holding pipes for cutting and
threading.

18. PLUMBING TOOLS AND
MATERIALS
TOOLS AND MATERIALS PICTURE FUNCTION
PIPE THREADER Toolsused in making teeth on pipes
TUBE/PIPE CUTTER This is wrenchand blade setting used to cut
metal tubes and pipes. The head is generally
adjustable according to the width of the
tube or pipe
BASIN WRENCH Used for tightening and looseningnuts on
faucets and other plumbing fixtures in tight
spaces

19. PLUMBING TOOLS AND
MATERIALS
TOOLS AND MATERIALS PICTURE FUNCTION
VISE GRIP Used to temporarilyuhold objects
BENCH VISE A mechanical apparatus used to secure an
object that is to be worked on.
HACKSAW Used for cutting metalpipes

20. PLUMBING TOOLS AND
MATERIALS
TOOLS AND MATERIALS PICTURE FUNCTION
TEFLON TAPE
(PTFE tape)
Used for creating a watertight seal on
threaded pipe connection
PLUNGER Used for clearing clogs in drains and toilets
AUGER OR PLUMBER SNAKE Also known as a plumber snake, itis used for
clearing stubborn clogs in drains

21. TYPES OF PIPES
1.PVCPIPE(PolyVinylChloride)
Thisisthemostcommonpipeforplumbingsystem.isaplastic
materialthatislightweight,affordable,andeasytoinstall.Itis
commonlyusedfordrain,waste,andvent(DWV)systems,aswell
ascoldwatersupplylines.
2.PVC-U(UnplasticizedPolyvinylChloride)
ThisarepipesareatypeofplasticpipemadefromrigidPVCthat
doesnotcontainplasticizers,whichmakesthemstrongerand
moredurablethanflexiblePVCpipes.Theyarewidelyusedin
bothresidentialandcommercialapplicationsforwatersupply,
drainage,andsewagesystems.isthemostcommonPVCtypefor
pipesandfittings.

22. TYPES OF PIPES
3.PVC-O(OrientedPolyvinylChloride)
Thisarepipesthatisanexcellentchoicefor
high-pressureapplicationsduetotheirhigh
strengthandimpactresistance.The
manufacturingprocessofPVC-Opipes
involvesorientingthemoleculesofthePVC
materialinaspecificdirection,whichresults
inapipethatisstrongerandmoredurable
thantraditionalPVCpipes.

23. TYPES OF PIPES
5.PVC-HI(HighImpact)
Thesepipesarespecificallydesignedtowithstandimpactandresistdamage,makingthem
idealforuseinapplicationswherethereisariskofimpactordamage.PVC-HIisamaterial
ofchoicefornaturalgasnetworks.
4.C-PVC(ChlorinatedPolyvinylChloride)
ThispipeisatypeofplasticpipingmadefromPVCmaterial
thathasbeenchlorinatedtoimproveitstemperatureand
chemicalresistance.C-PVCpipesarecommonlyusedinhot
andcold-watersupplysystemsinresidential,commercial,and
industrialapplications.Hightemperatureresistanceupto
93°C(200°F)Hotandcold-watersupplysystemsfor
residential,commercial,andindustrialbuildings

24. TYPES OF PIPES
6.PEPIPE(Polyethylene)
ThispipereferstoPolyethylenePlastic
materialintendedforlongspanwater
systeminstallation.
7.CIPIPE(CastIron)
isaheavymetalmadeofcastingon
moldstomakefixtures.suchassink,tubs
andlavatories,coveredwithaporcelain
enamelcoating.

25. TYPES OF PIPES
8.GIPIPE(GalvanizedIron)
widelyusedforconveyingrawwater
&distributionoftreatedwaterin
majorityofruralwatersupply
schemes.