The Basic Unit of Life grade 7 biology.pptx

the cell and its history

1. The Basic Unit of Life Robert M. Saculles

2. It’s probably hard to imagine a time when the world had no idea about microorganisms living in the water, bacterial cells or even sperm. 12/26/2022 3

3. But that’s because one simple invention opened up a whole new world of discover in biology. The discovery of the cell led to new understanding of life and how it works at the smallest levels. 12/26/2022 4

4. The Microscope An optical instrument consisting of a lens or combination of lenses for making enlarged images of minute objects

5. The Cell The smallest unit of life that can carry out all processes of life.

6. Robert Hooke T he first to coin the term cell to describe the tiny room-like structure in a thin slice of cork under his microscope.

7. 1590 Cell Theory Historical Timeline Hans & Zacharias Janssen They are the people responsible in making the first compound microscope

8. 1665 Cell Theory Historical Timeline Robert Hooke First to call the spaces in a cork “cells”.

9. 1680s Cell Theory Historical Timeline Anton van Leeuwenhoek Observed living cells through a simple microscope

10. 1838 Cell Theory Historical Timeline Matthias Schleiden Discovered that plants are made up of cells

11. 1839 Cell Theory Historical Timeline Theodor Schwann Discovered that animals are made up of cells

12. 1855 Cell Theory Historical Timeline Rudolph Ludwig Carl Virchow He stated that cells come from other living cells

13. Cell Theory 1. All living organisms are made up of cells

14. Cell Theory 2. Cells arise from pre-existing cells

15. Cell Theory 3. All cells have the basic chemical composition

16. Cell Theory 4. Cells are the basic unit of life

17. Cell Theory 5. Hereditary information is passed from cells

18. Cell Theory 6. Energy flow occurs within the cells

19. Parts of Animal and Plant Cells

20. Organelles . A specialized structure within a living cell

21. Cell Membrane The thin barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. It is also called plasma membrane or plasmalemma.

22. Cell Wall A stiff barrier around the cell membrane in plant cells

23. Chloroplast A plant cell organelle that captures energy from light and uses it to produce sugar

24. Golgi Apparatus An organelle that processes and transports proteins and other materials out of the cell

25. Lysosome An organelle that digest food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders

26. Mitochondrion An organelle that breaks down sugar to make energy in the form of ATP

27. Nucleus The control center of the cell that directs the cell’s activities

28. Ribosome An organelle that links amino acids together to make proteins

29. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum An organelle studded with ribosomes that packages and transports proteins

30. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum An organelle that produces lipids, releases calcium, and detoxifies drugs

31. Central Vacuole A plant cell organelle that stores water, salts, sugars, enzymes, and amino acids.

32. Centriole Pair of cellular organelle that occur especially in animals and functions in the formation of spindle

33. Cytoplasm A gel-like fluid inside the cell where the organelles are suspended.

34. Plant Cell vs Animal Cell

35. 1. Plant cells are rectangular or rigid in shape, while animal cells are rounded and somewhat irregular shape. 2. Cell walls and chloroplasts that are not found in animal cells. 3. Animal cells have centrioles and lysosomes that are not found in plant cells.

36. 4. The nucleus ,cell membrane ,cytoplasm, the mitochondrion, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, vacuole, ribosome and are common to both plant and animal cells. 5. Plant and animal cell has nucleus, cell membrane, and cytoplasm because these are the basic parts of a cell.