The Brain & the Nervous System

The Brain & the Nervous System

1. Biological Bases of Behavior Skyline 100 Meghan Fraley, PhD

2. Phineas Gage Digital Story https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =MvpIRN9D4D4

3. BABY BORN WITHOUT A BRAIN https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v = tXZGFbxkuKs

4. Overview

5. PART ONE: BASIC NEUROSCIENCE

6. II. NEURONS AND NEUROTRANSMITTERS

7. Neurons or nerve cells - Structure function and types of neurons | https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =cUGuWh2UeMk

8. Neurons release neurotransmitters to communicate Neurons

9. Neuron Types

10. Myelin Sheath: Glial Cells

11. Communication among Neurons

12. The Nervous System - CrashCourse Biology #26 https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =x4PPZCLnVkA

13. Negative resting state Potassium and Sodium ions switch places which releases neurotransmitters at the synaptic cleft All or none principle: If sufficiently stimulated, will fire to its full extent The Axon: Action potential

14. The Science of Love https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v = eDMwpVUhxAo

15. Dived into two categories: Classical neurotransmitters Peptide neurotransmitters Substances that impact NT: Agonist: enhances effect of NT Antagonist: inhibits effect of NT Action Potential categories: Excitatory: Acetylcholine, norepinephrine increase likelihood of action potential Inhibitory: GABA, endorphin decrease likelihood of action potential Neurotransmitters

16. Fixation: Hyper-Sexual Apes https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =gz5PvtSso6M

17. Basic Architecture of the Nervous System

18. All behavior results from activity in the cells of the nervous system Two divisions: Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system I. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

19. Spinal cord and brain Sensory neurons carry info to CNS Motor neurons carry info away from CNS to muscles and glands The Central Nervous System

20. Nervous System Overview

21. The Somatic Nervous System Sends and receives sensory messages that control voluntary motor movement of the skeletal muscles Autonomic Nervous System Smooth muscles Digestion Heart rate Breathing The Peripheral Nervous System

22. Sympathetic Arousal and expenditure of energy External threat Fight or flight Parasympathetic Conservation of energy Rest/relaxation Meditation, hypnosis, biofeedback Can work together, not just in opposition! Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

23. Control center for most voluntary and involuntary behavior CNS: Brain

24. Control center for all voluntary and most involuntary behavior Brain Areas: Cerebrum Cerebellum Brain Stem Brain Divisions: Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain Brain Overview

25. Hindbrain

26. Second largest structure Coordinates habitual muscle movements Tracking target with eyes Playing saxophone Excitatory inputs for maintaining smooth movement and coordinating motor activity Ataxia: lack of coordination Hindbrain: Cerebellum

27. Hindbrain: Brain Stem- Pons and Medulla

28. Midbrain

29. Awareness , attention and sleep Damage : disrupt sleep, permanentn coma-like sleep Midbrain: Reticular Formation

30. Tucked into the center of the brain Brain: Subcortical Brain Areas

31. Limbic System

32. Limbic System: Thalamus- Relay Station Thalamus Damage

33. Hypothalamus: Five Fs Hypothalamus regulates Homeostasis

34. Great Glands - Your Endocrine System: CrashCourse Biology #33 https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =WVrlHH14q3o

35. The Basal Ganglia: On the Move

36. Gives emotional significance to sensory input Amygdala/Aggression Kluver-Bucy syndrome if destroyed Limbic System: Amygdala

37. Kluver Bucy Syndrome (Video) https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =FSFjGk8RBPw

38. Limbic System: Hippocampus

39. What happens when you remove the hippocampus? https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =KkaXNvzE4pk

40. Complex thought, perception and action Brain: Cerebrum

41. Cerebral Cortex

42. Left controls right, right controls left side of body Important distinctions of respective functions The Hemispheres

43. Corpus Callosum

44. Split brain behavioral experiments https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =ZMLzP1VCANo

45. Girl Living With Half Her Brain https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =2MKNsI5CWoU

46. Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital The Lobes

47. Frontal Lobes & Executive Functioning

48. Parietal Lobes: Body in Space

49. Temporal Lobes: Hearing & Understanding

50. Occipital Lobes: Vision Center

51. Tests of Brain Function and Structure

52. Computer records animal vision in Laboratory - UC Berkeley https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v = piyY-UtyDZw

53. The Teenage Brain Explained https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v =hiduiTq1ei8