The concept of politics and governance.pptx

Philippine Politics and Governance

1. The concept of politics and governance

2. What is political science

3. Political science Deals with the study of power in society, politics, and government. It is the academic discipline that deals key issues and concepts in politics. Nicolo Machiavelli is widely accepted as the father of modern political science.

4. politics Defined as the science of arts of government, public affairs, and power; formulated by the Greeks during the 4 th and 5 th century from the term polis. It is the activity through which people make, preserve, and amend the general rules under which they live. Politics can be described as an art of government which includes studying governing institutions, joining the government, and exercising control authority through enforcing collective decisions. Politics also goes beyond the government institution and concerns itself with public affairs or those government and non-government institutions that operate in public and can be accessed by the public. Heywood (2019) Politics is about power which we will briefly define as the ability to do something and achieve a desired outcome. Politics is when a group of people demand changes from the government. Politics occurs when the government debates on the old and new laws to enact and implement.

5. GOVERNANCE Specifically deals with the concept and use of power in the government; Refers to the various ways in which certain political system establishes and monitors its mechanism and policies.

6. GOVERnment a general term used to describe a body of authority and the process by which decisions are made.

7. Forms of government

8. 1. democracy The rule of the people of the many 2. oligarchy The rule of the privileged few 3. tyranny The rule of one individual.

9. Other Forms of government

10. 1. Monarchy vs republic Both forms have an individual holding the power as head of state. While a king rules the monarchy and is heredity, a republic is usually ruled by a president chosen by the people through election. 2. Presidential vs ParliamenTARY The executive power of a presidential government is vested in a single person directly elected by the majority of the population. On the other hand, the people of a parliamentary form government elects the members of the Parliament, who in turn, elects a Prime Minister.

11. 3. Democratic vs non-democratic Democratic forms of government are ruled by the people or majority through various means of representation. Non democratic forms are ruled by one person or a small group of people who are not necessarily chosen by the people and therefore does not also necessarily represent their ideals. . 4. Unitary state vs federal state A unitary state has central government holding power with the capability to delegate or take back authority and function to and form lower levels or offices. A federal state has central government with the main function of uniting several self-governing states or regions

12. 5. theocracy A form of government that is composed of the joint rule of the church and the state or domination of the state by the church.

13. Field of interest of politics and governance

14. FIELD OF INTEREST DEFINITION POLITICAL THEORY DEALS WITH THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES AND IDEAS REGARDING POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE OF DIFFERENT POLITICAL PHILOSOPHERS FROM THE ANCIENT TIMES LIKE ARISTOTLE TO NICOLO MACHIAVELLI, TO THE TIME OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION THROUGH KARL MARX, AND CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL PHILISOPHERS LIKE HANNAH ARENDT. POLITICAL METHODOLOGY CONCERNED WITH THE APPLICATION OF POLITICAL CONCEPTS INTO RESEARCH AND POLICY MAKING ALMOST SIMILAR TO THE APPLIED NATURE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION. COMPARATIVE POLITICS COMPARES VARIOUS SYSTEMS AND DIFFERENT CONSTITUTIONS AMONG DIFFERENT COUNTRIES THROUGH TIME. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS BEAR RESEMBLANCE TO COMPARATIVE POLITICS; BUT INSTEAD OF COMPARING, IT CONCENTRATES ON ESTABLISHING AND MAINTAINING RELATIONS AMONG COUNTRIES THROUGH TIME. LAW BASICALLY ANY WRITTEN STATEMENT THAT LIMITS OR GUIDES THE BEHAVIOR OF A CERTAIN GROUP. POLITICS, AS THE ART OF SCIENCE OF GOVERNMENT, HIGHLIGHTS THE ROLE OF LAW IN ORGANIZING AND STABILIZING INDIVIDUAL INTERESTS TO PREVENT THE OVERLAPPING INDIVIDUAL NEEDS AND PROMOTE COLLECTIVE GAINS IN SOCIETY.

15. ANALYSIS GUIDE QUESTIONS WHY SHOULD WE STUDY THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE? WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE CONCEPTS F POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE? HOW ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS CLASSIFIED? WHICH FIELDS OF INTEREST IN POLITICAL SCIENCE ENUMERATED SHOULD LEADERS AND ASPIRING POLITICIANS FOCUS ON? DEFEND YOUR ANSWER. WHICH ASPECT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE ARE YOU MOST INTERESTED? WHY OR WHY NOT?

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