The Contemporary World - Week 1 to 2.pptx

General Education

1. 1 st Sem. SY 2025-2026 Gingoog City Colleges, Inc Brgy . 24-A, Paz Village Subd., Gingoog City GE 3 THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD By: MR. ALFER A. CABACTULAN

2. CONTEMPORARY

3. GLOBALIZATION

4. At the end of this Chapter : Differentiate the competing conceptions of globalization; Identify the underlying philosophies of the varying definitions of globalization; and Agree on a working definition of globalization for the course.

5. KEY TERMS 1. GLOBALIZATION 2. GLOCALIZATION 3. GLOBAL CULTURE 4. GLOBALITY 5. GLOBAL VILLAGE

6. that you experience globalization everyday in your lives?

7. Examples: Jollibee foods (distributed worldwide) I

8. – used to connect people all over the world

9. E- Books (access through Internet) & many more!

10. planet was a large society of human activities & effects were neatly COMPARTMENTALIZED within nations, within sectors (energy, agriculture, commerce & the like) compartments long been dissolved (due to globalization)

11. in terms of global interdependence , it started centuries ago but term was just used recently (Toffler, 1981) CONCEPTIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

12. Extraordinary & complicated concept rarely used until 1990’s but with processes been happening for centuries. (James & Steger, 2014)

13. In contemporary context, term, “is used to indicate global nature of capital , emergence of a single global economy , & tremendous speed of exchange across vast distances . ( Kakepoto , 2005)

14. in popular acceptance, it greatly impacts on ideological, intellectual, economic, political & above all social spheres.

15. Individual’s increasing awareness of other people, cultures, and religions resulting from technological advances in communications & travel (Essence of Globalization )

16. Expansion of awareness – concept of personal identity has also broadened Ex: Europe Survey (18 to 30) find identity more to concept of “ Europe” rather than to country which they live in.

17. CONCEPTIONS OF GLOBALIZATION Involved simultaneity & interpretation of what are conventionally called global & the local

18. introduced by Roland Robertson in 1980 ( British Sociologist) C o - presence of both universalizing & particularizing ideas Glocalization

19. - It means global outlook adopted to local conditions When applied to a product or service??? - adaptation of globally marketed products & service s into local markets. (Example:???)

20. Underlying Philosophies of the Varying Definitions of Globalization

21. - a wide variety of phenomenon (process, an outcome, a condition, a system, a force, an age & even an ideology – (Steger, 2017)

22. Some definitions offered by significant scholars of globalization or globalists: It is a process by which regional economies, societies, & cultures have become integrated through a globe- spanning network of communication & trade.

23. A set of multiple, uneven & sometimes overlapping historical processes, including economics, politics, & culture, that have combine with the evolution of media technology to create the conditions under which the globe itself can now be understood as an “imagined community” (Lule, 2017)

24. A long- term effort to integrate the global dimensions of life into each nation’s economics, politics, & culture. National development has ceased to be an isolated procedure & has now become part of a global process. (Wishard, 1999)

25. In the context of Modernization theory, globalization is an undertaking that give rise to economic development, political progress & sociocultural diversity. On the other hand, dependency theory sees it as a catalyst of economic underdevelopment & dependency, & dissolution of local cultures.

26. Benjamin Barber (1992) - globalization as the opposite of localization

27. Argues “ four (4) imperatives make up the dynamic of McWorld : Market imperative, Resource imperative, Information technology imperative Ecological imperative (each a factor to “ shrinking the world & diminishing the salience of national borders”)

28. Mythology about Globalization as Cited by Ferguson (1992) challenges the meaning of globalization: 1. “ Big is Better”, More is Better”, 2. Time and Space have disappeared. 3. Global Cultural Homogeneity

29. Mythology about Globalization as Cited by Ferguson (1992) challenges the meaning of globalization: 4. Democracy for Export via American TV 5. The New World Order

30. Working Definition of Globalization - Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among people, companies , and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade & investment & aided by information technology.

31. Working Definition of Globalization This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development & prosperity, & on human physical well-being in societies around the world. (Globalization 101)

32. As a concept, closely connected with the way we view our place & meaning on this planet. Describes processes which steer the policies of nation states - directly impact various significant institutions Inevitable , since it’s a process w/c diff. parts of the world interact economically, politically, & culturally.

33. It is an international expansion on a world scale, declining international variety, increasing international interconnectedness. Globalizing world is now the context within which humanity lives & works. Global Culture- increasing interconnectedness of many local cultures

34. future social condition characterized by thick economic, political, & cultural interconnections & global flows that make currently existing political borders & economic barriers irrelevant . (Steger, 2005)

35. - Steger proposed: * Core of globalization is : unprecedented compression of time & space as a result of political, economic, and cultural change, as well as powerful technological innovations.

36. 1. Globalization is about the liberalization & global integration of markets. 2. Globalization is inevitable & irreversible. Steger Developed Six Core Claims:

37. Trade Liberalization Trade liberalization refers to a reduction of trade barriers, this will open up worldwide markets.

38. 3. Nobody is in charge of globalization 4. Globalization benefits everyone (i.e. in the long run)

39. 5. Globalization furthers the spread of democracy in the world.

40. 6. Globalization requires a global war on terror.

41. Examples of Globalization in Various Aspects: Globalization in Economics: Multinational corporations operate in a global scale, with satellite offices & branches in numerous locations

42. Outsourcing adds to the economic devt. of a struggling country, bringing much needed jobs.

43. Some automobiles use parts from other countries Ex: Philippine assembled using parts coming from Japan, Germany, or Korea

44. Bag made in China …Sold in America …Brought to PH as souvenir to expectant relatives.

45. Globalization in the Blending of Cultures: Greek culture spread across Africa, Europe & Asia through Alexander the Great (cities named after him in Africa, Egypt, & Turkey)

46. Silk Road - a trade route between China & the Mediterranean Sea ; allowed not only goods, also culture & knowledge.

47. Food is one factor of globalization (people eating sushi in Peru or Indian Food in Europe)

48. Internet - major contributor to globalization, not only technologically wise but other areas as well. (cultural exchanges of the arts) Globalization in Technology:

49. Global networks, like CNN contribute to the spread of knowledge

50. Cellphones connect people all over the world like never before (60 % of worlds’ population use cellphones)

51. Other Globalization Examples: The Olympics began in ancient Greece & continue today.

52. FIFA World Cup has more viewers than any other sporting event from around the world

53. Organizations such as Red Cross respond quicker to disasters around the world.

54. ACTIVITY: ANSWER PAGE 7 ON THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD BOOK

55. Metaphors of Globalization Metaphors - use of one term to help us better understand another term States of matter – solid and liquid

56. People, things, information, places “harden” over time and therefore have limited mobility.

57. Refers to barriers that prevent or make difficult the movement of things. Either natural or man- made

58. 1. The Great Wall Of China, China Built in the 14th century, the Great Wall Of China stretches for 8,850 kilometers! This amazing wall was built to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire from the attacks of nomadic tribes. 2. The Berlin Wall, Germany The construction of the famous Berlin wall began in 1961, at the peak of the cold war, as a barrier between the east and the west. It was built in the middle of Berlin by East Germany in order to stop East Berliners to escape to the west. It was finally taken down with the fall of the Soviet Union in 1989. Remnants can still be found today in Berlin and are one of the biggest tourists attractions

59. Ex: - Natural solids (landforms, & bodies of water)

60. Increasing ease of movement of people, things, information, and places in the contemporary world.

61. Ex: Global Finance stock market changes in a matter of seconds.

62. Key Takeaways The stock market is defined as the collective trading network involving company shares and their derivatives. The stock market, is a central part of modern economies since it's where companies raise vast sums of money to accelerate successful startups, expand existing businesses, or consolidate operations and pay off debt. Companies listed on stock exchanges must be public, meaning their shares are open not just to a select few but traded on stock exchanges and elsewhere. Public companies are subject to many reporting and transparency regulations. Stocks are sold to institutional investors and high-net-worth individuals, but also those with far more modest means looking for income from a share of the profits, to sell the stock later at a higher price, or simply to have a say in how a company is run. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and individual state regulators oversee the U.S. stock market.

63. Liquid characteristic- difficult to stop Ex: YouTube or Facebook uploaded videos- gone viral. Internet sensations become famous worldwide.

64. Finally, the forces (liquid ones) made political boundaries- permeable to the flow of people & things (Cartier 2001) Ritzer (2015) : it tends to melt whatever stands in its path (most impt . liquid characteristic) especially solids.” Ex: decline or death of the nation state

65. Liquidity and Solidity in constant interaction Liquidity -increasing & proliferating today Liquidity best metaphor that describes GLOBALIZATION

66. Flows Are the movement of people, things, places, and information brought by the growing “porosity” of global limitations (Ritzer , 2015)

67. Ex: Different foreign cuisines being patronized and consumed by Filipinos Thai, Japanese, Vietnamese Korean American foods among others

68. Global Financial Crisis(national borders are porous) Ex: American Financial Crisis spread to Europe in 2008

69. REFERENCES: https://medium.com/@mediation/the-impact-of-globalization-on-the-world-pros-and-cons-efabb45c62eb https://indiesunlimited.com/2015/10/06/what-can-wattpad-do-for-you/ https://careybaptist.libguides.com/c.php?g=945878

70. THANK YOU End of presentation,