The-Enemy.pptx

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1. INDEX About the Author Introduction Theme, Sub-theme, Plot Characters Summary Sequence & Key-Points Vocabulary Points to Ponder Character Sketch Assignment - Pearl Sydenstricker Buck ( 1892 –1973 ) The Enemy

2. Pearl Sydenstricker was born on June 26, 1892, in Hillsboro, West Virginia. Her parents, Absalom and Caroline Sydenstricker, were Southern Presbyterian missionaries, stationed in China. In 1910, Pearl graduated from a Woman’s college in Virginia in 1914. Although she had intended to remain in the US, she returned to China shortly after graduation. Her first novel East Wind, West Wind was published in 1930. . Her next novel,  The Good Earth , earned her a Pulitzer Prize in 1932. After receiving the Pulitzer, Buck moved back to the United States permanently. In 1938, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for her rich and truly epic descriptions of peasant life in China and for her biographical masterpieces. She was the first American woman to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. The Enemy About the Author : - Pearl Sydenstricker Buck (1892 –1973)

3. P S Buck – Indian Connection

4. A Japanese doctor finds an American PoW at his doorstep. He is in a dilemma that being a doctor, should he save the wounded man or being a Japanese, should he hand over the enemy to the army …

5. Introduction : The Enemy The story is set during the Second World War. It takes place on a coastal town of Japan in the year 1941 when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. A war going on between America and Japan. Japanese were hostile to the Americans and ready to kill any American found in their soil. The story highlights how a Japanese doctor saves the life of an American prisoner of war and rises above narrow national prejudices. He risks his honour, career, position and life by sheltering a war prisoner of the enemy camp and saving his life. The author has beautifully portrayed the conflict in the doctor’s mind as a private individual and as a citizen with a sense of national loyalty. - P S Buck

6. Theme : ‘The Enemy’ gives the message that humanism transcends all man made prejudices and barriers. Dr. Sadao upholds the ethics of medical profession in treating an enemy. The story is a great lesson of peace, love, sympathy, fellow feeling and humanism. Sub-Theme : Service to mankind, professional ethics, human predicament Plot : PoW washed ashore-rescue-surgery-servants’ apprehension- the predicament-Episode with the General-the assassination plan-escape of the PoW- realisation by Sadao The story emphasises predicament and humanism The Enemy

7. CHARACTERS : The Enemy Dr. Sadao Hoki - A Japanese doctor trained by Americans Sadao’s father - Much concerned about his son’s education, a true patriot Hana - Sadao’s wife, met him in America Tom - An American prisoner of war (PoW), a soldier of U.S. Navy The General - A sick Japanese army General, trusted only Sadao An officer - A messenger of the General Gardener - An old gardener in the house of Dr. Sadao Yumi - Hana’s maid servant The cook - An old cook in the house of Dr. Sadao

8. SUMMARY The Enemy Life during wartime in Japan. Dr Sadao Hoki  and his wife Hana spot a dark shape in the surf that turns out to be a white man; a severely wounded soldier. At first they agree to turn the man over to authorities as a prisoner of war. This makes only perfect sense considering not just the ramifications of treating his wounds, but that the doctor and his wife are both virulently racist nationalists who consider the Japanese to be superior to the white race anywhere in the world. They had met in America before the war and he only proposed because his father consented to his choice of a pureblood. Changing their minds in the face of the massive trauma exhibited by the man, the two agree to take him to their home and treat his injuries as an act of humanitarian compassion consistent with their belief in the superiority of the Japanese people. The must inform their servants of this decision, of course. The servants are every bit as racially prejudiced and biased as their employers, but their edges have not been softened by the humanitarianism of medical service. The servants make no secret of their belief that the man should have been left to die and turn cold toward the doctor and his wife. After a week of treating the white man and helping him recover from his life-threatening injuries, the servants quit when their ultimatum that the man be turned over to the authorities is met by the doctor’s steadfast resolve.

9. SUMMARY The Enemy Meanwhile the man—an American named Tom —is well enough to thank the doctor for saving his life. The doctor warns him not to be premature with this assessment. When a messenger arrives for her husband, Hana is terrified that the servants have spilled the beans and they are about to be punished . Instead , the message directed Dr. Hoki to a patient consultation with General Takima, a wife-beating hero of the Battle of Manchuria. Takima is very ill and will likely die without the surgical skill of the doctor. Sadao chooses to confess to the General about the situation with the injured soldier. The General, in a remarkable display of self-interest over duty agrees to keep the secret. After all, if he turns in the doctor, Sadao will likely be executed and he needs the doctor alive in order to prolong his own life. They reach an agreement in which the General will send assassins to kill Tom. After a few days, the soldier not only has not been assassinated, but has recovered much of his strength which intensifies the doctor’s fear. Since it seems the General has changed the plans they agreed upon, Dr. Hoki takes it upon himself to arrange the man’s nighttime escape aboard a Korean fishing boat without informing his wife. The escape plan seems to be going off without a hitch. Then the doctor is called in for emergency surgery to save the General’s life and when the patient is strong enough to receive the news, he tells him that his prisoner somehow escaped at night .

10. SUMMARY The Enemy The General confesses that he was worried about his own life to the degree that he had completely forgotten the assassination agreement. He then admits that it was simply a case of carelessness and most certainly not dereliction of duty or lack of patriotism. The two men strike a deal to keep secrets secret with the General promising Sadao that he will be rewarded. As Dr. Hoki looks out toward the horizon for the American’s signal, meant to convey that he was still safe in his hiding spot awaiting the arrival of the fishing boat. But the sun sets without a signal, informing the doctor that the escape has been successful . This, Dr. Hoki thinks, is his real reward. As he ponders his time in America, the true depth of his irrational prejudice against the white race is revealed through his thoughts. He remembers his landlady in America who seemed indifferent and yet how she treated him when he had influenza. He remembers the repulsive whites and their unwelcoming attitude during his stay in America. Then he muses to himself: “Strange. I wonder why I could not kill him?”

11. The Enemy : Sequence & Key Points Dr Sadao Hoki and his early life - his house built on Japanese coast 1 2

12. The Enemy : Sequence & Key Points 3 4

13. The Enemy : Sequence & Key Points 5 6

14. The Enemy : Sequence & Key Points 8 7

15. The Enemy : Sequence & Key Points 9 10

16. The Enemy : Sequence & Key Points 11 12

17. The Enemy : Vocabulary

18. POINTS TO PONDER The Enemy * Sadao, a Japanese surgeon finds a wounded American soldier on the beach near his house.   * He is unable to throw him back though he was his enemy as he was a doctor and his first duty was to save a life.   * Hana, his wife, though initially reluctant because it was dangerous for all including the children to keep the enemy in the house, joins her husband in operating and nursing the enemy soldier back to health, even though the servants desert the house.   * Hana assists Dr. Sadao in operating the soldier in spite of her physical discomfort and hesitation.  

19. POINTS TO PONDER The Enemy * Though it was war time and all hands were needed at the front, the General did not send Sadao with the troops as he is an expert surgeon and the General needed him. * Sadao tells him about the enemy soldier but he does not take any action as he is self-absorbed and forgets his promise that he would send his private assassins to kill the enemy and remove his body.   * Taking advantage of the general’s self-absorption Sadao decides to save the soldiers life. After the soldier is out of danger Dr. Sadao helps him to escape from his house to safety.

20. Character Sketch The Enemy Dr Sadao Hoki – As a doctor, as a Japanese, as a human being, his predicament Hana – As a wife, as a Japanese, as a human being

21. ASSIGNMENT : QUESTIONS TO TEST COMPREHENSION - Next slide for long answer questions The Enemy 1. Why did Sadao Hoki decide to operate the American prisoner of war? 2. What was the apprehension of Dr. Sadao and his wife? 3. How did the servants react to their master when the prisoner was treated by him? 4. What plan did Dr. Sadao and Hana have in their mind about the prisoner? 5. What impression do you gather about Dr. Sadao’s father? 6. What did the General promise to Dr. Sadao? 7. Why did the General fail to execute his promise? 8. Why did Dr. Sadao realise that the General was in the palm of his hand? 9. What was Dr. Sadao not sent abroad? 10.What experiences did Dr. Sadao and Hana have in America? 11.Why was the prisoner reluctant to leave Dr. Sadao’s house? 12.Why was Dr. Sadao determined to overcome the menace? Short Answer Questions (30-40 words)

22. ASSIGNMENT : QUESTIONS TO TEST COMPREHENSION The Enemy Discuss the predicament in the story. How did Dr. Sadao overcome it? 2. There are moments in life when we have to make hard choices between our roles as private individuals and as citizens with a sense of national loyalty. Discuss with reference to ‘The Enemy’. 3. While hatred against a member of the enemy race is justifiable, especially during wartime, what makes a human being rise above narrow human prejudices? 4. How did Dr. Sadao save the life of his enemy? 5. How did Dr. Sadao help the prisoner escape? 6. Draw a character sketch of Dr. Sadao Hoki. 7. Draw a character sketch of Hana. 8. Draw a character sketch of the General. Long Answer Questions (150 words)