The English monarchy (la monarchia inglese)

Monarchy, literally "Government of One" is a form of government in which the position of head of state is held by a king or queen or any other sovereign of the nobility.​

1. The English monarchy

2. What is monarchy?
•Monarchy, literally "Government of One" is a form of government in
which the position of head of state is held by a king or queen or any
other sovereign of the nobility.
•
•There are three types of monarchy: absolute monarchy, in which the
king is not subjected to external or internal constraints,
constitutional monarchy, where the king's powers are determined
and limited by a constitution and finally parliamentary monarchy,
where the sovereign maintains exclusively a ceremonial role and
consequently does not govern (maintaining powers only formally),
leaving legislative power to parliament (or congress) while executive
power is to the government.
•
•During the Middle Ages, monarchies rapidly spread throughout
Europe and the vast majority of states in the world, usually absolute
monarchies in which the king (or in the case of an Empire, an
emperor) was omnipotent and untouchable.
BY.

3. Constitutional
monarchy
•The United Kingdom is a parliamentary
democracy but also a constitutional monarchy.
•Constitutional monarchy is a form of
monarchy in which the sovereign reigns, but
has limited powers established by a
constitution, which are however broader than
those he would enjoy in a parliamentary
system. The King is therefore head of state and
is also head of government, whose
management is however entrusted to a Prime
Minister by the King himself. The King can
also exercise legislative power, although he
typically exercises it in conjunction with a
legislative assembly such as a Parliament

4. When was the
constitutional
monarchy born?
•The constitutional monarchy originated in
England following the Glorious Revolution and
the Bill of Rights of 1688-1689 which installed
William of Orange on the throne, with the
name of William III of England, which then
evolved into a parliamentary monarchy.
•The king promised to respect the rights of the
subjects, and thus the first constitutional and
parliamentary monarchy was born: the
constitution places limits on the king's power,
the parliament controls the king's actions, thus
the civil and religious conflicts ended and in
1707 England and Scotland reunited to form
the United Kingdom

5. The monarch
•In the uncodified Constitution of the United Kingdom,
the monarch is the head of state. The image of the
Monarch is used to indicate British sovereignty and
government authority: their profile, for example,
appears on currency, and their portrait in government
buildings. The Sovereign is also mentioned and the
subject of songs, faithful toasts and greetings. "God
Save the King" (or, alternatively, "God Save the
Queen") is the British national anthem. Oaths of
loyalty are sworn to the Sovereign and his legitimate
successors.
•
•The monarch takes little direct part in government.
The exercise of the sovereign's formal powers is
almost entirely delegated, by statute or convention, to
ministers or officials of the Crown or other public
bodies.

6. Powers of the state
•Legislative power is exercised by the King in Parliament, with the advice
and consent of the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
•Executive power is exercised by Her Majesty's Government, which
comprises ministers, principally the Prime Minister, and the Cabinet,
which is technically a committee of the Privy Council. They have direction
over the Crown Armed Forces, the Civil Service and other Crown Officials
such as the Diplomatic and Secret Services (the Sovereign receives some
foreign intelligence reports before the prime minister).
•Judicial power is vested in the various judiciaries of the United Kingdom,
which by constitution and statute enjoy judicial independence of the
government.
•The Church of England, of which the sovereign is the titular head, has its
own legislative, judicial and executive structures.
•Powers independent of government are legally granted to other public
bodies by statute or statutory instrument such as an Order in Council,
Royal Commission or otherwise.
•The sovereign's role as a constitutional monarch is largely limited to non-
partisan functions, such as granting honors.

7. The House of
Lords
•The House of Lords was previously a chamber
made up of aristocrats, who sat there by
hereditary right. It is now made up of
hereditary members, bishops of the Anglican
Church (known as Lords Spiritual) and
nominated members. Although a bill can be
introduced to both the Commons and the
House of Lords, the House of Lords has
limited power over proposals already passed
by the Lower House. He can propose
amendments and exercise a suspensive veto,
i.e. delay the approval of the law for two
parliamentary sessions (twelve months).