The future: tenses and expressions. Advanced C level.pptx

Tenses used to talk about the future. Auxiliaries, different expressions used.

1. TALKING ABOUT THE FUTURE ADVANCED C LEVEL

2. FUTURE SIMPLE: AUXILIARIES WILL SHALL (usually with first person) Meaning Example Meaning Example Predictions (past or future) (I think, believe , expect / probably , cenrtainly /am afraid ) you’ ll love the English class. Offers and suggestions Shall I close the door? Willingness/ promises / determination Will you open the door? I promise I’ll pass the English course Determination I shall discuss this with him. Polite request I will have to ask you to leave Formal writing: obligations All passengers shall present a valid identification document Instant decisions I’ ll have the soup. Idioms This shall pass Spoken: criticism If you WILL continue behaving like that, I’ll ask you to leave

3. PLANS, INTENTIONS,ARRANGEMENTS BE GOING TO: For plans, intention emphasized: Ex.: We are going to study English this year. And for predictions based on what we know or evidence: Ex.: See those clouds! It’s going to rain pretty soon . PRESENT CONTINUOUS: for arrangements (fixed plans): Ex.: We are getting married this summer.

4. FUTURE CONTINUOUS AND FUTURE PERFECT Future continuous Future perfect Meaning Example Meaning Example Part of normal course of events I’ll be studying English on Thursday (as usual) Action completed by a time in the future We’ll have learnt hundreds of words by the end of the year. Something perceived as inevitable You can buy any car you want, but we’ll all be using electric cars Action in progress at a time in the future (continuous) I’ll have been studying English for 20 years at the end of the year. Polite enquiries about the future Will you be going to the English class on Tuesday? Assumptions in the present When another disaster happens, people will have forgotten about it.

5. OTHER WAYS OF EXPRESSING FUTURE Verbs with future meanings ( hope, expect, aim, plan… ) We expect/are expecting to pass the C2 exam Specific expressions be about to/on the point of/on the verge of/on the brink of (about to happen) We are on the verge of having a nervous breakdown with so much to do in the class be likely/unlikely (probability) We are all likely to pass the C2 exam be due to (schedule) The train is due to arrive soon. be bound to (certain) We are bound to pass our exam. be to+infinitive (formal, arrangements) The President is to meet the King next week be +to be + past participle (news, formal) The students are to be given more time in the national exams