The Great Indian Scientists

1. The Great Indian Scientists Pranabjyoti Das

2. Aryabhatta -I Earth’s Rotational Time At age of 23, he noted down the observations and calculations for a mathematical system to figure out the working of universe In his book, stated Earth was Spherical in shape, rotate on its axis and like other planets, revolve around sun in elliptical orbit. Friday, October 03, 2014

3. This happened 1500 year and 2000 year before Copernicus and Galileo. He also calculated that the Earth takes 23 hours 56 minutes and 4.01 sec to complete one rotation. Modern value of this is 23:56:4.091 And he also gave Zero Aryabhatta -I Friday, October 03, 2014

4. Bhrama Gupta Rules for Zero Bhramahupta gave zero its exalted status as a number in mathematics. He framed rules of operations In his book, Bhramasphuta Siddhanta , he explained addition or subtraction of zero To any quantity leaves it unchanged. Product of any quantity with zero leaves zero and division of any quantity by zero is infinity Friday, October 03, 2014

5. Bhrama Gupta He gave four methods of multiplication . He gave the following formula used in GP series a + ar + ar2 + ar3 + ---- Area of cyclic quadrilateral with sides a, b, c , d = √(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)(s-d) where 2s = a+b+c+d Friday, October 03, 2014

6. Nagarjuna -I Discovery of alloys Discovered process of alloying in 2 nd BC. His book Rasarathnakara , retains notes on process of extraction of silver, tin and copper from their ores and their purification. Also mentioned process of distillation, sublimation, calcination and coloring of metals. Friday, October 03, 2014

7. Maharshi Kanada Atomic Theory Stated that, Everything in this world is made up of pramanu [atom], the real entities which are obtained when a matter is divided and subdivided until further division is not possible. It believed that kanada was the earliest proponent of atomic concept in universe and it was Just 2500 years before John Dalton. Friday, October 03, 2014

8. Baudhayana Pythagoras Theorem He said that “The areas of a squares produced separately by the lengths of the breadth of a rectangle together equal the area of the square produced by the diagonal. Sounds Familiar ? Eventually today known as Pythagoras theorem. Seidenberg (1983) argued that " Old Babylonia got the theorem of Pythagoras from India”   Friday, October 03, 2014

9. Vaharamihira Sky Mapping . He put forward that we would notice that sky is slowly shifting backward with each progressing a year. He was the first one to mention shifting of equinox is 50.32 sec. which remain unchanged till today. This help us chart and navigate skies at night or day, learn about our horoscope for years and keep track of our favorite constellations Friday, October 03, 2014

10. Bhaskara -II Gravity He was first to conceive and write on the notion of gravity and effort of its force In his book, Surya Sidhanta , he mentioned : objects fall on earth due to a force of attraction by the earth. Therefore, the earth. Planets, Constellations, moon and sun are held in orbit due to this attraction This happened 500 years before the famous apple fell on Sir Isaac Newton’s head. Friday, October 03, 2014

11. Gravity He was first to conceive and write on the notion of gravity and effort of its force This happened 500 years before the famous apple fell on Sir Isaac Newton’s head. In his book, Surya Sidhanta , he mentioned : objects fall on earth due to a force of attraction by the earth. Therefore, the earth. Planets, Constellations, moon and sun are held in orbit due to this attraction Friday, October 03, 2014

12. Sushruta Plastic Surgery 2600 years ago, Sushruta along with his collegues repaired the disfigured nose with a flap of skin fro forehead, a practice almost unchanged to this day. In his book, Sushruta Samhita , he descibes over 120 surgical instruments, 300 surgery procedures and classifies human surgery in eight categories. Don’t worry about pain, local anesthesia was given in form of medicated wine . Friday, October 03, 2014

13. “Proud to be an Indian” Thank You ! Friday, October 03, 2014