The Impact of Long-term space travel .pptx

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1. “The Impact of Long-term space travel on human body ” Submitted by :- Name:- Soumyajit Dutta University Roll No. :- 210331000068 Subject :- Physiology College name- Suri Vidyasagar College Sem:- 5

2. C o n t e n t s Introduction Microgravity Effect on Cardiovascular System Effect on blood Effect on musculoskeletal System Effect on respiratory System Space motion sickness Medicine for astronauts Adaptation When astronaut return to earth Conclusion

3. introduction A voyage outside the earth’s atmosphere Space travel became a reality in 1961. Since then more than 200 people have been to space and the duration of stays have been increased from 2hours to more than 200 years. For more than 50 years NASA’s Human Research Programme (HRP) has studied what happens to the human body in space . Researchers are using strategies to keep astronauts safe and healthy throughout their mission 62 miles (1000 kilometres) is to space from earth’s surface.

4. Significance of space travel Some reasons ,why space travel matters to us ? The advancement of scientific knowledge and experience . The economy receives a boost from the aerospace market. International relationships and partnerships are strengthened. Importance in national security. Medical innovation. Long-term survival of humanity . Space tourism and commercial opportunities . Environmental monitoring .

5. Physiological disturbance during space travel Beside the important significance of space travel there are so many physiological disturbance Here is the disturbance in our body regarding space travel :- Microgravity Effects on cardiovascular system Effects on blood Effect on Musculoskeletal system Effects on respiratory system Space motion sickness

6. 1. microgravity Microgravity is the condition in which people or objects appear to be weightless. The effects of microgravity can be seen when astronauts and objects float in space.  L ong-term exposure to microgravity causes a number of physiological and biochemical changes in humans; among the most significant are:- 1) Negative calcium balance resulting in the loss of bone 2) Atrophy of antigravity muscles 3) Fluid shifts and decreased plasma volume 4) Cardiovascular

7. What happens in microgravity Total body water is unchanged although the extracellular fluid and plasma volume are decreased

8. Effect on cardiovascular system Cardiovascular changes are due to the fluid shift. Due to absence of gravity, blood moves from lower part to upper part of the body (upper trunk and head). It causes enlargement of heart to cope up with increased blood flow. The heart need not pump the blood against gravity in space

9. Symptoms of cardiovascular heart disease Chest Pain Breathlessness Dizziness Fatigue Swollen Limbs

10. Effect on blood Plasma volume decreases due to excretion of fluid through urine. Space anemia. Osmotic Imbalance Hypovolemia

11. Effect on musculoskeletal system Endurance of the muscles also decreases. Bones become weak. Osteoclastic activity increases. Calcium removed from bone .

12. Effects on respiratory system Fluid Redistribution. Reduced Lung Capacity. Space Dust and Particles. Exercise Counter measures. Psychological Stress. Oxygen Consumption

13. Space motion sickness Space Motion Sickness (SMS) is a clinical syndrome that affects around 70% of astronauts within the first 72 h of traveling to and returning from microgravity.  SMS symptoms include :- D izziness. Vertigo. Headaches Sweating. Fatigue . Nausea. Vomiting.

14. Medicine For astronauts Microgravity Challenges . Trauma Response . Telemedicine Solutions . Pharmacological Considerations . Space-Specific Equipment . Preventive Measures . Research and Innovation .

15. Adaptation when astronaut return to earth The heart is smaller and weaker . The vestibular, or balance , system has become used to a new set of signals. Body fluids are diminished . Muscles have atrophied . Bones have weakened . Bone recovery is very problematic

16. conclusion Long-term space travel poses significant challenges to the human body. Astronauts will have to have a high level of fitness . Impacting various physiological systems . From bone density loss to muscle atrophy and radiation exposure. Research, innovation, and adaptive technologies are essential to mitigate these effects . Ensure the well-being of astronauts during extended missions . Paving the way for the next frontier in human space exploration.

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