THE LOGIC OF HOMOEOPATHY- STUART CLOSE.pptx

The lecture by Stuart close , THE LOGIC OF HOMOEOPATHY covers the second half of the topic starting from the individualization.

1. THE LOGIC OF HOMOEOPATHY- STUART CLOSE - STUART CLOSE BHAVADHARANI AS 4 TH BHMS 21

2. INDIVIDUALIZATION Constructing a totality for a case Selecting the remedy

3. Three elements – to characterize / particular Examination of patient , through case taking Location Sensation Modality Condition of disease Examination of symptom record (study of case) What is curable in case What symptoms are there in materia medica Examination of materia medica Repertory to find similimum to the patient

4. ART OF GENERALIZING Analysis Comparison logical process Classification Generalization Generalization – being synthesis /summing up of results Generals are more important than particulars in a case for prescribing GENERAL + PARTICULARS = CURATIVE PRESCRIPTION

5. MILL’S , TREATISE ON LOGIC General truth is a aggregate of particular truth Process of obtaining a general conception , rule or law from a consideration of particular facts/ phenomena MINOR GENERALIZATION MAJOR GENERALIZATION SIMILIA SIMILIBUS CURENTUR If we didn’t give importance to some minute ,we end up in snap shot prescription & will fail

6. GENERAL SYMPTOMS Patient sometimes tells unconsiuosly like I am worse by rainy season , I feel sad / depressed easily – general symptoms Mental symptoms are the general symptoms Psychologically – emotion / passion such as anger and grief Complex state of consiousness Aroused from primary feeling When we become aware it is essentially, generalization- subconsiously performed

7. Mental symptoms if present holds the highest rank ( most interior , intimate, nearest to heart ) are generals 2. Man’s state of mind , his moods , his passions , his fear , his desires and aversion generals Because it express man himself not merely apart THE MIND IS THE MAN

8. 3. Express subconsiously or involuntary action of mind manner of sleep, peculiar or unusual positions during sleep or disease , character of dream / delirium 4. Modalities or conditions of aggrevation and amelioration apply to whole case /patient himself

9. PARTICULAR SYMPTOMS Express suffering of some part , organ or function of body Data from which general symptom are drawn Differentiating factor between 2 or more remedies

10. NEGATIVE GENERALS Absence of certain striking or customary features of a disease which are generals symptom of a case Eg : 1. Fever without thirst 2. Coldness with aversion to being covered 3. Hunger without appetite 4. Exanthematous disease without appearance of eruptions

11. GRADING & GROUPING- ESPRIT DE CORPS Like in army how we are grading and categorizing each person and making it a huge army . Likewise in study of materia medica or disease we have to group and grade each symptom and keep it in mind clear . Materia medica and sickness are similar ( fac simile)

12. MEMORIZING SYMPTOMS Read the proving impress our mind with an image of individualizing the drug as a whole Like how we identify an individual person If logically trained mind got this , one will understand & categorize & memorize it

13. KEYNOTE Concise statement of single characteristic feature of a drug deducted by a critical consideration of its symptom as recorded in proving Eg : Pulsatilla < close or warm room which is particular symptoms seen in numerous cases . Boenninghausen told , if we stick modalities only to particulars , we cant see success in prescription

14. Characteristic symptom is not that it confine to one or another symptom, it is like a red thread , runs through all morbid symptoms of given remedy , associated with any kind of pain DRAMATISING MATERIA MEDICA Imagining our friends who feels similar in character of particular drug to remember

15. GENERALIZING FOR REPERTORY WORK Eg : M aliciousness Inductive method is used , as it takes noting for granted and establishes only fact from observation from process of reasoning .

16. ART OF GENERALIZATION The mind must be freed from the bias of pre – conceived opinions & theories The subject must be clearly defined , or restricted within definite limits The phenomena must be determined by actual observation or experimentation, with a single end in view , viz., truth

17. 4 . All the phenomena must be gathered , if possible . No fact must be omitted , how trifling it may seem 5. No phenomena are to be admitted to the induction of a study but those elicited by its own process in its own province. 6 . The facts must be clearly expressed and recorded with exactness & precision. 7 . The phenomena must be expressed and recorded in terms of simple fact, free from speculation about their causes .

18. 8. The facts have been ascertained and clearly stated , they are to be arranged in their natural relation to each other and to the subject of the inquiry by comparison and generalization 9. Generalization proceeds by bringing together similar & related phenomena into groups , considering these in their relation to each other & to other groups , deducing their general characteristics and stating the in simple , comprehensive form

19. 10 . Particulars appropriately grouped lead to minor generalizations, which in turn lead to greater generalizations, but always as required by lord Bacon’s formula , “ascending continually and by degrees’’.The most rigorous conditions of gradual and successive generalizations must be adopted. 11 . Nothing should be deduced from the facts of observation except what they inevitably include . 12. At every stage of the investigation , the analysis of the phenomenon must be carried to its utmost limits before the process of synthesis is begun

20. LAW OF CAUSATION Science of logic has relation in assinging cause of disease through which correct conclusion will be made to cure EVERY EFFECT MUST HAVE A CAUSE Mill’s ( system of logic ) , Theory of induction is based on cause Phenomena of nature exist in, S imultaneity – uniform phenomena S uccession – Follow it

21. Cause can be derived by , Correct observation & interpretation of facts F reedom from prejudice JEVON says , Science is in mind and not in things . Law of causation , main pillar of inductive science , recognition of familiar truth between phenomenon which exist at any instant and phenomenon which exist at succeeding instant Order of succession Invariable antecedent – cause Invariable consequent – effect

22. The occurence of disease is usually between the consequent and sum of several antecedents not because of single antecedent . In such case one cause will dominate , calling others merely a condition. Eg : If a person eats particular dish and dies in consequences in such case the particular food is not merely the reason , it may be due to act of eating , particular bodily constitution , particular state of present health , & certain state of atmosphere all constitutes the death .

23. The real cause is whole of these antecedents, not the single cause The medical error is assuming , for a disease , there is a single causes ad directing all efforts and agencies against that . Eg . In case of cholera , tuberculosis & diptheria –thinking bacilli is the sole cause and treating for it , but the truth is antibacillar treatment alone caused a great mortality in the history It may be due to certain sanitary , atmospheric , and telluric conditions too which should be noted to reduce the mortality

24. In 1915 , department of health of new york , announced in his weekly bulletin , the total failure of diptheria antitoxin and failure of all other treatment against bacilli to reduce or control it . They stated , F acilities for early diagnosis and introduction in number of antitoxin produced reduction in disease Campaigns – save face & swat the fly doesn’t gave much results as they are directed to bacillar hypotheseis

25. In homoeopathy , the record of mortality in cholera is as low as 4% where other system have 77% mortality rate . This is because homoeopathy does not direct its efforts primarily to destruct the proximate physical cause of the disease ( micro organism) , but against disease itself.

26. Eg : D iptheria ( klebs loeffler bacilli ) may be present in throats of healthy individual ,but if he have high or sufficient resistance to action of bacilli not susceptible to infection & escape So the power of bacilli or other infectious agent is always relative and conditional . So the bacilli is not always the only reason , there is always a combination of causes leading to the disease .

27. Lets summarize Individualization – 3 elements Art of generalization – mill’s statement ( general truth is an aggregate of particular truth ) General symptoms Particular symptoms Negative generals Esperit the corps -?? Keynote symptom Generalizing for repertory Art of generalization – 12 points Law of causation -??

28. THANK YOU