The lost continent - Kumari kandam

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1. CONTINENT

2. THE LOST CONTINENT –Kumari kandam --S.M.Sheikhasinah

3. INTRODUCTION The name of a hypothetical “lost land”. Connection - Africa to South India, through Madagascar.

4. HISTORY The English geologist - Philip Sclater Sclater’s theory - Lemurs could have migrated from Madagascar to India or vice versa  The land that was once ruled by the Pandiyan kings

5. References in tamizh literature Kalitthogai   - H ow the sea took the land of the  Pandiyan   kings Silappathikaram [ Madurai kaandam ] Pandya land lay between the rivers Pahruli and the mountainous banks of the Kumari . Existence of rivers Pahruli and Kumari in the submerged land .   Adiyar kunallar - A land to the south of the present-day Kanyakumari , stretched for 700  kavatam  from the Pahruli river in the north to the Kumari river in the south.

6. Divisions L and was divided into 49 Nadu , or territories seven coconut territories ( elutenga nadu ), seven Madurai territories ( elumaturai nadu ), seven old sandy territories ( elumunpalai nadu ), seven new sandy territories ( elupinpalai nadu ), seven mountain territories ( elukunra nadu ), seven eastern coastal territories ( elukunakarai nadu ) and seven dwarf-palm territories ( elukurumpanai nadu ).

7. EVIDENCES In 15   th   century ,the term “ kumari kandam ” appeared in Kanda Puranam . Adam’s Bridge  (also called Rama’s Bridge), a chain of limestone shoals made up of sand, silt and small pebbles. According to researchers at India’s National Institute of Oceanography , the sea level was lower by 100 m about 14,500 years ago and by 60 m about 10,000 years ago.

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9. Present day Two of these Nadus or territories were supposedly parts of present-day Kollam and  Kanyakumari  districts.

10. TIMELINE ca. 200,000 to 50,000 BC: evolution of “the Tamilian or Homo Dravida “, ca. 200,000 to 100,000 BC: beginnings of the Tamil language 50,000 BC:  Kumari Kandam civilisation 20,000 BC: A lost Tamil culture of the Easter Island which had an advanced civilisation 16,000 BC: Lemuria submerged 6087 BC: Second Tamil Sangam established by a Pandya king 3031 BC: A Chera prince in his wanderings in the Solomon Island saw wild sugarcane and started cultivation in Kumari Kandam . 1780 BC: The Third Tamil Sangam established by a Pandya king 7th century BC:  Tolkappiyam  (the earliest known extant Tamil grammar)

11. IMAGES

12. SUMMARY !

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