The materials about Conditional Sentences.pptx

engkish

1. If you melt ice, it becomes liquid If you study hard, you will pass the exam

2. Conditional Sentences in English By : Ms. Putri

3. Conditionals The conditionals are used to talk about real or unreal situations, sometimes called… if-clauses. Real Conditional describes real-life situations. Unreal Conditional describes unreal, imaginary situations.

4. Conditional Sentences Structure : A conditional sentence is composed of 2 parts : If-clause + Main Clause Example : If it rains tomorrow, we will put on rain coats. If-clause Main Clause

5. Conditional Sentences The order of the two clauses is flexible. When the if-clause comes first, it must be followed by a comma. If it rains, I’ll stay at home I’ll stay at home if it rains.

6. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Types There are 4 types of conditional sentences. They are classified according to the degree of probability that they express. Each type of conditional sentences uses different tenses to show the difference in the degree of probability.

7. ZERO Conditional It is used to talk about things that are always true or factual (Scientific Facts, General or Universal Truths). (present simple + present simple) If you heat water, it evaporates

8. More Examples If people eat too much, they get fat. If you touch a fire, you get burned. People die if they don't eat. You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen. Snakes bite if they are scared If babies are hungry, they cry

9. Practice 1 If you ________ (freeze) water, it _________ (solidify). 2. If you ________ (add) two and three, you ________ (get) five. 3. The teacher ________ (get) annoyed if the students ________ (use) their phones. 4. If dogs ________ (get) angry, they ________ (growl). 5. When he ________ (not feel) well, he ________ (go) to the doctor’s.

10. Answers 1 If you freeze water, it solidify . 2. If you add two and three, you get five. 3. The teacher gets annoyed if the students use their phones. 4. If dogs get angry, they growl 5. When he doesn’t feel well, he goes to the doctor’s.

11. First Conditional (VERY LIKELY SITUATIONS) It is used to: Talk about situations which are very likely to happen Giving advice and instructions

12. a) If + Simple present + will Both condition and result are very likely to happen If Javaid gets a good result, he will study medicine. If he fails his exams, he will not go abroad. b) If + Simple present + Imperative This is a way of giving advice or instructions If you feel tired, drink a cup of coffee. If you can't wake up, buy an alarm clock. If you see my wife, tell her I'll be late for dinner. Possible sentence structures

13. 1. If you ________ (drop) that vase, it ________ (break). 2. I________ (call) the police if he ________ (not leave). 3. Nobody ________ (notice) if you ________ (forget) to wear socks. 4. If she ________ (be) early, our boss ________ (be) pleased. 5. You ________ (get) wet if you ________ (not have) an umbrella. Practice

14. 1. If you drop that vase, it will break . 2. I will call the police if he doesn’t leave. 3. Nobody will notice if you forget to wear socks. 4. If she is early, our boss will be pleased. 5. You will get wet if you don’t have an umbrella. Answers

15. Second Conditional (Hypothetical Situations) It is used to talk about unreal or impossible situation in present or Future. These structures are used to imagine what would it be like if things were different. Ex. If I were rich, I would travel around the world. If I have a car, I could drive you home .

16. If + Simple past + would If I were the president, I would end unemployment. If I won the lottery, I would buy a Ferrari If I were you, I'd start packing now.

17. 1. If I ________ (have) more money, I ________ (buy) a nicer car. 2. We ________ (come) for lunch if we ________ (have) time. 3. You ________ (lose) weight if you ________ (do) more exercise. Practice

18. 1. If I had more money, I would buy a nicer car. 2. We would come for lunch if we had time. 3. You would lose weight if you did more exercise. Answers

19. Exercise Answer the following sentences with 2 nd conditional sentences. What cities or other places of interest would you visit if you went to America? What famous person would you like to meet if you had the chance? If you were an animal, which one could you be?

20. THIRD Conditional It is used to talk about conditions which didn’t happen in the past, and so the result did not happen either. It is used for speculating about past events. If you hadn’t been lazy, you would have been on time for the audition. If he had come earlier, he could have had a free lunch.

21. a) If + Past perfect + Perfect conditional Ex. If he had studied, he would have passed. b) If + Past perfect + could have (Could have been means here able to) Ex. If my parents had not been poor, I could have gone to university

22. 1. If I ________ (go) to school in Italy, I ________ (learn) Italian. 2. I ________ (study) math if I ________ (attend) university. 3. If I ________ (not go) to the party, I ________ (not meet) my husband. 4. We ________ (get) married if there ________ (not be) a pandemic. 5. She ________ (come) if she ________ (receive) an invitation. Practice

23. 1. If I had gone to school in Italy, I would have learnt Italian . 2. I would have studied math if I had attended university. 3. If I hadn’t gone to the party, I wouldn’t have met my husband. 4. We would have got married if there hadn’t been a pandemic. 5. She would have come if she had received an invitation. Answers

24. Zero Conditional : (Factual) If /when + present tense ….. / present tense Water boils if it reaches 100º Real First Conditional : (Likely to happen) If/unless + present,….. Future If I study, I’ll pass Second Conditional : (Hypothetical situations) If + past, ……would +inf. If we won the lottery, we would travel the world. Third Conditional : (Impossible) Unreal If + past perfect ….. would have + pp If I had studied, I would have passed Conditional Sentences types

25. Good Luck with Conditionals!!!