The Mechanisms of the most common Acidosis in the Human Body.pptx

Lactic Acidosis, KetoAcidosis, Renal Tubular Acidosis, Hyperchloremic acidosis. Mechanisms explain

1. Acidosis Likando

2. WHAT IS THE NORMAL BODY FLUID pH Normal range of pH of body fluids is between 7.35 to 7.45. Body fluids include intercellular and intracellular fluids, blood and other fluids in the body’s internal environment When pH goes below 7.35 the condition is called acidosis When pH goes above 7.45 the condition is called alkalosis

3. Acidosis is a bigger concern than alkalosis Acidosis is associated with more diseases than alkalosis Acidosis is of two types - metabolic and respiratory, based on the origin Metabolic acidosis is due to high level of acidity arising from disruption of metabolic processes Respiratory acidosis is caused by preventing the lungs from removing CO2 effectively

4. There are four major forms of metabolic acidosis Ketoacidosis : occurs in people with diabetes that is poorly controlled. If insulin is lacking in the body, ketone compounds build up in the body and that causes acidosis. Similar situation can happen in extreme starvation or in high fat diets. Hyperchloremic acidosis : results from a loss of sodium bicarbonate, the base or buffer that helps to keep blood neutral. Diarrhea and vomiting can cause this type of acidosis. Lactic acidosis : occurs when there is too much lactic acid in your body. Causes can include chronic alcohol use, heart failure, cancer, liver failure, prolonged lack of oxygen. Even prolonged exercise can lead to lactic acid build up. Renal tubular acidosis : occurs when the kidneys are unable to excrete acids into the urine. This causes the blood to become acidic.

5. Risk factors for metabolic acidosis Kidney failure High fat diet Diabetes Dehydration CO poisoning Starvation Aspirin and methanol poisoning

6. Symptoms of acidosis Rapid and shallow breathing Confusion Fatigue Headache Sleepiness Lack of appetite Jaundice Increased heart rate Breath that smells fruity

7. Diagnosis of acidosis Anion gap: measuring difference btn positive and negative ions in blood Arterial blood gas: measuring blood levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and reveals blood pH Urine tests: urine sample is checked for pH to determine is the body is eliminating acids properly. If acidosis is respiratory the lungs are also checked with X ray