The Need for Planning in Education

This presentation revolves around the importance of educational planning in language classes.

1. The Need For Planning In education

2. Outline Introduction Definition Things should be considered while planning Levels of Planning The Need for Planning A Video about Planning Conclusion Bibliography

3. Definition To plan ‘‘ To think about and decide what you are going to do and how you are going to do something ’’. A plan ‘‘ A set of decisions about how to do something in the future ’’. (The Cambridge Dictionary) Planning process which identifies the goals or objectives to be achieved, formulates strategies to achieve them, arranges or creates the means required, and implements directs, and monitors all steps in their proper sequence . (The Business Dictioanry ) ( Definition of plan from the  Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary & Thesaurus  © Cambridge University Press) http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/planning.html

4. Planning means thinking about the future so that you can do something about it now. This doesn’t necessarily mean that everything will go according to plan. It probably won’t. But if you have planned properly, your ability to adjust, without compromising your overall purpose, will be that much greater. ( Janet Shapiro, 2001) Janet Shapiro. “ Talkit on an Overview of Planning’’. Washington: CIVICUS. 2001, P.51,52.

5. Things should be considered while Planning Useful background (Students’ needs, sex, age, level, mixed-ability classes) Goals of ELT in Morocco The official guidelines The adopted approach in Morocco The class conditions The exam type…), The objectives, the content, the method. Tt also deals with decisions to take as regards the materials, activities and guidance suggested in SB and TB ( Abdelouahab Senhaji 2013) Abdelouahab Senhaji . Planning Teaching and Learning. Ouajda: CRMEF. 2013.

6. Levels of planning According to Roy Killen, you have to plan carefully about what you will do and why you will do it. Some of your planning will be long-term, perhaps covering several years (such as when you are planning for a full phase). Other planning will be medium-term, perhaps covering several weeks of instruction on a single theme or topic (sometimes called a unit of work). Following the long-term and medium-term planning, you will have to do the short-term( lesson by lesson) planning. You cannot expect individual lessons to be successful if they have not been planned thoroughly and integrated carefully into your medium and long-term plans. (Roy Killen, 2007 ) Roy Killen Teaching Strategies for Outcomes-based Education 2 nd ED. South Africa : Juta and Co.Ltd,2007, p .70 . www.googlebooks.com

7. The most successful planning often leaves the short-term planning until last and starts with the long-term planning. This provides the broader picture, a framework for other planning and ensures that there is continuity and progression in learning. (David Bray, 2000) ‘‘ Although all levels of planning are required it is important to make long - term planning a priority.’ ’ (David Bray, 2000) David Bray. Teaching in the Secondary School . Oxfors: Henemein Educational Publishers. 2000, p.16. www.googlebooks.com

8.   One of the most important (principles of good teaching) is the need for planning. Far from compromising spontaneity, planning provides a structure and context for both teacher and students, as well as a framework for reflection and evaluation . (Spencer, 2003, p. 25). Johne Spencer Stewart House, 32 Russell Square, London, 2012.P.25 http://www.faculty.londondeanery.ac.uk/e-learning/small-group-teaching/planning-and-preparation The importance of planning:

9. Why is planning needed? It gives us clarity about: 1. What the pupils will learn 2. How the pupils will learn 3. How we will know that the pupils have learned. ‘‘ The length of any plan is not an indication of its quality .’’ (The National Educational Programme for Teachers, 2013) NEP. Short Term Planning: Draft Guidelines . NCCA, 2009. p. 54 – 55.

10. For teacher : ‘‘ Planning maps out what learning activities you will conduct in the classroom. What materials you will need and what assessments you will give. ’’ For students : ‘‘A ny lesson plan that does not focus on student learning is incomplete ’’. For administration : ‘‘ Planning informs administrators of how you will go about addressing academic standards and preparing students for standardized tests ’’. (Anne R. Reeves, 2011) Anne R. Reeves. ‘‘Instructural Design: Who and What is it for?’’. Copyright © 2011 by ASCD. http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/111023/chapters/Instructional-Design@-Who-and-What-Is-It-For%C2%A2.as px

11. ‘‘ Planning can give you confidence that you really do understand the things that you want students to learn .’’ ‘‘Planning helps the teacher overcome the feeling of nervousness and insecurity ’’. ‘‘ Planning serves as a map or check-list that guides both teachers and learners’’. ‘‘ Planning makes teaching systematic and organized ’’. ‘‘Planning helps to avoid needless repetition.’’ (Somu Singh, 2014) (Somu Singh. Lesson Planning: Need and Importance. NewDelhi:Faculty of Education Banaras Hindu University. 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gW6X0q3esgk

12. ‘‘ Planning ensures a proper connection of the new lesson with the previous lesson’’ ‘‘Planning enables the teacher to make a link between the new knowledge and the previous knowledge acquired by students ’’ ‘‘ planning can help you to anticipate the questions students might ask so that you are prepared to answer them correctly and convincingly ( and you will not be stuck when your students ask ‘why do we have to learn this stuff ).’’ ‘‘ Planning enables teachers to prepare pivotal questions and illustrations. ’’ ‘‘ Planning allows the teacher to predict problems and so consider some solutions ’’ ( Somu Singh, 2014) (Somu Singh. Lesson Planning: Need and Importance. NewDelhi:Faculty of Education Banaras Hindu University. 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gW6X0q3esgk

13. Conclusion Our planning should follow some principles : clarity , flexibility , conciseness and precision , engaging students , ensuring and maximizing productive practical noting in advance the components to skip if short of time and anticipating extra time, thinking of long term planning, mastering one’s subject , knowing one’s students and school , etc … ( Abdelouahab Senhaji , 2013) Madam. Planning Teaching and Learning . Ouajda : CRMEF. 2013

14. Bibliography Shapiro. Janet “ Talkit on an Overview of Planning’’. Washington: CIVICUS. 2001, P.51,52. Senhaji Abdelouahab . Planning Teaching and Learning. Ouajda : CRMEF. 2013. (David Bray, 2000) BrayDavid . Teaching in the Secondary School . Oxfors : Henemein Educational Publishers . 2000, p.16. www.googlebooks.com Singh Semu . Lesson Planning: Need and Importance. NewDelhi:Faculty of Education Banaras Hindu University. 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gW6X0q3esgk Killen, R Teaching Strategies for Outcomes-based Education 2 nd ED. South Africa : Juta and Co.Ltd,2007. Spencer,J . Stewart House, 32 Russell Square, London, 2012. http://www.faculty.londondeanery.ac.uk/e-learning/small-group-teaching/planning-and-preparation .(consulted on 20 /10/2015)