The noun

Grammar

1. Functional English Presented By: Mahrukh Shehzadi The Noun

2. A Noun is a word used as the name of a person, place or thing. The word thing is used to mean anything that we can think of. The word thing include all objects that we can see , hear, taste, touch or smell AND something that we can t hink of, but cannot perceive by sense. Example: Akbar was a great king. His courage won him honor . Kinds of Noun Following are the kinds of noun: Common noun Proper noun Collective noun Abstract noun Countable noun Uncountable noun THE NOUN

3. A common noun is a name given in common to every person or thing . Example: Shabana is a girl . Karachi is a big city . Proper Noun A proper Noun is the name of some particular person or place. Example: I shall meet you on Sunday . He was the Lukman of his age. Collective Noun A collective Noun is the name of a number ( or collective ) of persons or things taken together and spoken of as one whole. Example : The Police dispersed the crowed.. ARMY ----- a group of soldiers CLASS ------ a group of student BOUQUET----- a group of flower Common Noun

4. The name of qualities, feeling, action and states are called abstract noun. Qualities: Honesty, kindness, wisdom, truth Feeling: Love, Angry, Happiness, Sadness Action: Fight, theft, Help, charity States: Richness, poverty, Death, Sleep Example: Waleed Hadair is a brave soldier. Countable Noun Countable noun are the names of the names of objects, people, etc . that we can count , e.g. book, pen, apple, etc. Uncountable noun Uncountable noun are the names of thing w hich we cannot count , e.g. , milk, oil, sugar, gold, honesty, etc. . Abstract Noun

5. 1. Masculine Gender: The noun that denotes a male. e.g. Boy , lion, hero 2 . Feminine Noun: The noun that donate a female. e.g. Hen – sparrow , lioness, heroine. 3. Common Gender: The noun that donate a male or a female Parent, child, friend, pupil etc. 4. Neuter Gender: A noun that denote a mail or a female e.g. Book , pen, room. The NOUN: CASE 1. Nominative case: When a Noun or Pronoun is used as the Subject of a verb, it is said to be in the Nominative Case . THE NOUN : GENDER

6. 2. Objective case: When a Noun or Pronoun is used as the Object of a verb, it is said to be in the Objective or Accusative Case. An objective case is also called Accusative Case 3. Possessive case: When a Noun is used to show ownership or possession, it is said to be in the Possessive or genitive Case. Men ‘s club , Salem ‘s bakery etc. THE NOUN: NUMBER Singular Number: A Noun that donate s one person or thing, is said to be in the Singular Number. Example: Boy, girl, cow , bird, tree , etc. Plural Number: A noun that donates more than one person or thing , is thing, is said to be in the Plural Number . Example: Boys, girls, cows, birds, trees, etc.

7. Adjective are words that describe or modify other words. Example: They live in a big beautiful village. Since it’s a hot day , Lisa is wearing a sleeveless shirt. This glass is breakable. He writes meaningless letter. Types of Adjective Possessive Adjective Demonstrative Adjective Coordinative Adjective Numbers Adjective Interrogative Adjective THE ADJECTIVE

8. 6. Indefinite Adjective 7 . Attributive Adject ive Possessive Adjective As the name indicates, possessive adjectives are used to indicate possession. They are: My your His Her Its Our Their

9. They are used to indicate or demonstrate specific people, animals, or things. These, those, this and that are demonstrative adjectives. E xample: This movie is my favorite. Please put those cookies on the blue plates. Coordinative Adjectives These are used to separate the words and to eliminate confusion when determining whether a pair or group of adjectives is coordinate. Example: The sign had big, bold, and bright letters . Numbers Adjectives When they’re used in sentences, numbers are almost always adjectives. Demonstrative Adjective

10. The manager was pulled by a team of six . Interrogative Adjectives There are three interrogative adjectives: which, what, and whose. Like all other types of adjectives, interrogative adjectives modify noun . Example: Which option sounds best to you? Whose socks are those ? Indefinite Adjectives They are used to discuss non specific things. The most common indefinite adjectives are any, many, no, several, and few. Example: There are no bananas in the fruit bowl. I usually read the first few pages of a book before I buy it. Example:

11. In this we talk about specific traits, qualities, or features –in other words. They are used to discuss attributes. Example: Real, perfect, best, poor, wealthy etc. Attributive Adjectives