the real Chemistry the central science.pptx

central science

1. Chemistry: The Central Science Dr. Retheesh Krishnan Assistant Professor (on deputation) Department of Chemistry Govt. College for Women

2. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 2 Sterner- Elser Empirical Molecular Formula H 375000000 O 132000000 C 85700000 N 6430000 Ca 1500000 P 1020000 S 206000 Na 183000 K 177000 Cl 127000 Mg 40000 Si 38600 Fe 2680 Zn 2110 Cu 76 I 14 Mn 13 F 13 Cr 7 Se 4 Mo 3 Co 1 Sterner R. W. & Elser J. J. Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002

3. 08 Dec 2016 Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 3

4. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 4

5. A long time ago….

6. Created in Big Bang H He 15 minutes to 100 m years Cecilia Payne- Gaposchkin

7. Created in Big Bang H He N O C As life progresses

8. Created in Big Bang H He Mg Na C The Final Centuries

9. Created in Big Bang H He P Si O C The Final Weeks

10. Fe The Final Day

11. The Last Second Li Be

12. B2FH The 1957 paper, suggested that heavy elements could be formed when Iron gets bombarded with neutrons and captures them in its structure U Pu In 2017, the idea was bolstered when the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory detected a neutron star collision with signature of Gold

13. B2FH La It takes more than 100 neutrons to convert Iron to Lanthanum. However White dwarfs hang around for plenty of time and produce these elements

14. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 14 In 13.8 billion years

15. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 15 The Periodic table

16. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 16

17. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 17 Symmetry

18. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 18 Asymmetry Asymmetry: lack of equality or equivalence between parts or aspects of something; lack of symmetry.

19. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 19 Right & Left Hands ~ 10%

20. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 20 DNA

21. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 21 Proteins

22. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 22 James Bond 007

23. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 23 Our Heart Actually part of cardiovascular systems consisting of blood vessels as well One among the five most important organs in our body In the fifth Intercostal Space ( Below the left Nipple ) at the Mid Clavicular line

24. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 24 Our Heart Where is the apex beat of the heart felt? Torgerson,J : American Journal of Human Genetics, 2012 , 2, 361 - 370

25. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 25 Why so? 600 rpm Okada, Y. et. al. Molecular Cell, 1999 , 4 , 459 - 468

26. 28 Feb 2017 Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 26 Amino Acids L-amino acids predominate in living system Lamzin , V. S. et. al. : Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 1995 , 5 , 830 - 836 Petsko , G. A. Science, 1992 , 2 56 , 1403 - 1404 Milton, R. C. D. et. al. :Science , 1992 , 2 56 , 1445 - 1448

27. 28 Feb 2017 Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 27 Sugars D-sugars predominate in living system Lamzin , V. S. et. al. : Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 1995 , 5 , 830 - 836 Petsko , G. A. Science, 1992 , 2 56 , 1403 - 1404 Milton, R. C. D. et. al. Science, 1992 , 2 56 , 1445 - 1448

28. 28 Feb 2017 Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 28 But why clockwise ? Monocilia - arms are made of a protein called dynein Proteins are made of amino acids. They are asymmetric They are l-amino acids and hence the motor, has to be chiral. Hilfinger , A. et. al. Phys. Biol , 2008 , 5 , 1 - 12

29. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 29 The Chicken Egg Problem

30. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 30 No Longer a Conundrum Angew . Chem. Int. Ed. 2010 , 30 , 5135-5137

31. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 31 Plastics Saga Jia et al. Sci. Adv. 2016 ; 2 : e1501591

32. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 32 Plastics Saga Jia et al. Sci. Adv. 2016 ; 2 : e1501591

33. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 33 Plastics Saga Jia et al. Sci. Adv. 2016 ; 2 : e1501591

34. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 34 Plastics Saga Recyclable FDCA Ph o to tr i g g e r

35. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 35 Plastics Saga https://phys.org/news/ 2014-11-ultimate-recycling-plastic .html

36. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 36 The question is still open It is your turn / chance Now what ?

37. 08 Dec 2016 Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 37 THANK YOU

38. Dr. Retheesh Krishnan 38 Questions

39. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 39 Career Prospects (after Graduation) Do we have a future ?

40. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 40 Chemistry Based Jobs - after B.Sc. Chemistry ?... Chemical Examiner’s laboratory Scientific Assistants Project Assistants Rubber Board, KCMMF Jobs in analytical labs Private sector (companies) jobs .. Not many…? Future Prospects

41. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 41 Future Prospects I would like to become a Teacher…! BSc – MSc – BEd . SET / UGC-CSIR-NET School College / University

42. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 42 B.Sc. Chemistry + B.Ed. in Physical sciences (now a two-year programme) High School Assistant Rs.30700-62000 M.Sc. Chemistry + B.Ed. in Physical sciences (now a two-year programme) Higher Secondary School Teacher Rs . 41500-83000 I would like to become a Teacher…!

43. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 43 Future Prospects

44. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 44 Future Prospects Universities University of Kerala Cochin University of Science and Technology M G University Calicut University Kannur University Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod Qualifying degree grade and/or entrance score

45. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 45 Future Prospects All candidates admitted through JAM should have a Bachelor’s degree. At least  55%  aggregate marks,  without rounding off , (taking into account all subjects, including Languages and Subsidiaries, all years combined) for General/OBC-NCL Category Candidates and at least  50%  aggregate marks,  without rounding off , for SC/ST and PwD Category Candidates in the qualifying degree.  Admissions to M.Sc. (Four Semesters), Joint M.Sc.-Ph.D., M.Sc.-Ph.D. Dual Degree, M.Sc.- M.Tech ., etc. Programmes at the IITs Integrated Ph.D. Degree Programmes at IISc for consolidating Science as a career option for bright students. Application to be submitted by degree holder of final year student in the month September

46. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 46 Future Prospects

47. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 47 Future Prospects Integrated Ph.D. Programme @ IISER A Bachelor's degree in Chemical Sciences as applicable to individual Schools, under the 10+2+3/4 system. 55% marks or 6.0 out of 10 CGPA in the Bachelor's degree (as declared by the University). Relaxation of eligibility criteria for SC/ST and PD applicants will be made according to Government of India rules. Short-listed candidates will be called for a written test and those short-listed in the written test will appear for interview(s)

48. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 48 Future Prospects CSIR-UGC JRF/NET MCQ MSc or equivalent degree with at least 55% marks for general and OBC ( 50% for SC/ST candidates, physically and Visually Handicapped candidates). Final years M.Sc. students (Semester III & IV) also can apply Three hour exam session 200 Marks

49. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 49 Future Prospects PhD….Where to do ?? Kerala NIIST (CSIR-RRL), Trivandrum IISER, Trivandrum RGCB, Trivandrum SCIBMT, Trivandrum VSSC …. Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod Cochin University of Science and Technology University of Kerala M G University Calicut University Kannur University Universities Research Institutes

50. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 50 Future Prospects India Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore TIFR IISERs (7 Nos) All IITs (23 Nos.) – IIT Kanpur CSIR Laboratories (NCL, CLRI, RRLs… 39 Research Centres ) Reputed Universities Central Universities (49 Nos)

51. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 51 Top 10 Indian higher education institutions based on their global academic prestige.                                               Future Prospects

52. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 52 Abroad North America (USA-GRE, Canada) Europe (UK, France, Italy, Germany, Belgium, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, Austria, Netherlands, Portugal) Asia (Japan-JSPS, South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore) Fellowships Future Prospects

53. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 53 Future Prospects Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) The entry pass to the graduate schools in United States http://www.ets.org/gre

54. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 54 Marie Skłodowska -Curie Actions (MSCA) PhD Funding Marie Skłodowska -Curie Actions (MSCA)  offer funding for PhD students to study across Europe. The MSCA is now the main EU programme for doctoral training, financing 25,000 PhDs between now and 2020. https://euraxess.ec.europa.eu/ Masters Degree or equivalent qualification; Certificate of language proficiency (if required) Future Prospects

55. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 55 Future Prospects https://www.daad.de/deutschland/promotion/en/ DAAD research grants provide young foreign academics and scientists with an opportunity to carry out research and continue their education in Germany. There are funding programmes for various qualification phases and stages in a career. The grants also promote the exchange of experience and networking amongst colleagues.

56. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 56 Future Prospects https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/e-ronpaku/ JSPS RONPAKU ( Dissertaion Ph.D.) PROGRAM

57. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 57 Future Prospects Post doctoral fellowships https://www.humboldt-foundation.de/web/home.html https://www.jsps.go.jp/english/e-fellow/ http://ec.europa.eu/research/mariecurieactions/ Europe

58. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 58 Future Prospects Kerala NIIST (CSIR-RRL), Trivandrum IISER, Trivandrum RGCB, Trivandrum SCIBMT, Trivandrum VSSC …. Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod Cochin University of Science and Technology University of Kerala M G University Calicut University Kannur University Universities Research Institutes

59. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 59 Future Prospects

60. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 60 Future Prospects

61. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 61 ?

62. 2/19/2021 Retheesh Krishnan 62 [email protected] [email protected] Thank you….!