The-Role-of-Rebars-in-Reinforced-Concrete-Structures (1).pptx

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1. The Role of Rebars in Reinforced Concrete Structures

2. INTRODUCTION Nearly everyone involved in construction knows that reinforcement is often used in concrete. However, why it is used and how it is used are not always well understood.

3. WHAT IS REBAR? Rebar is a construction term short for reinforcement bar. It is a rod made from steel that is placed into wet concrete before it dries. These steel bars have bumps or ridges that bond with the concrete as it dries to create a stronger, more durable structure.

4. THE ROLE OF REBAR IN CONCRETE: WHAT HAPPENS WHEN IT CORRODES At Concrete Masonry Restoration (CMR), we understand that the strength and durability of any concrete structure depend on more than just the concrete itself. One of the most critical components hidden beneath the surface is reinforcing steel, or rebar . While rebar gives concrete its tensile strength, it is also vulnerable to a silent but serious threat: corrosion.

5. WHAT IS REBAR AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? REBAR’S ROLE IN CONCRETE Concrete is excellent at handling compressive forces, but it doesn’t perform well under tension. That’s where rebar comes in. Made from steel, rebar is embedded in concrete to help it resist tension and provide additional structural support.

6. HOW TO READ REBAR MARKINGS

7. REBAR SIZE CHART

8. #3 — This thin and cost-effective mild steel rebar material adds strength to concrete roads, driveways, or patios. It’s also common in poured concrete swimming pools to provide the pool walls with shape and strength. #4 — Slightly thicker, #4 rebar is perfect for adding strength to highways and can give columns and slabs added strength.

9. #5 — This type of rebar is commonly used for bridges and highways. #6 — Commonly found in foundations, retaining walls, and roads or highways. #7 — This rebar size can provide support for structures like multi-story parking garages and bridges.

10. #8 — #8 rebar is perfect for medium to heavy commercial applications. It can be used for slabs, sea walls, columns, and beams. #9 — This thick and durable material is the go-to rebar for high-rise construction projects, sea walls, and retaining walls. #10 — Perfect for medium to heavy commercial-use projects, this size provides structural support in beams, columns, and more.

11. #11 — This heavy-duty rebar is thick and strong, so it is often used for load-bearing structures. #14 — One of the heaviest and thickest rebars available in standard sizes, the #14 rebar size is well suited for bridges, parking structures, tall buildings, and docks. #18 — This large, strong rebar size is used for large buildings, industrial facilities, and other large-scale buildings.

12. REBAR GRADES Rebar grades are set by ASTM. The grade designation is equal to minimal yield strength in kilo pounds per square inch (KSI). Common grades are 40, 60, 75, 80, and 100. The nomenclature for the grades represents how much yield the rebar has.

13. TYPES OF REBAR

14. 1. Carbon Steel Rebar This is the most common type of rebar and is sometimes referred to as a “black bar.” It’s incredibly versatile, but it erodes more quickly than other types.

15. 2. Sheet-Metal Reinforcing Bar This is the most common type of rebar and is sometimes referred to as a “black bar.” It’s incredibly versatile, but it erodes more quickly than other types.

16. 3. Epoxy-Coated Bar These bars are made of carbon steel or GFRP, and they’re coated with epoxy resin. They’re corrosion-resistant, and they withstand weather well.

17. 4. Stainless Steel Bars Stainless steel bar is more expensive than other types of steel, and it’s more susceptible to corrosion. However, it has a relatively low coefficient of thermal expansion.

18. 5. Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Rebars Unlike other rebars, a GFRP rebar isn’t heated before it’s inserted into concrete. This is done to ensure that it isn’t exposed to moisture.

19. 6. Galvanized Bars Galvanized bars are coated with zinc. If a bar is coated with a thinner layer of zinc than required, it’s considered a light-gauge galvanized bar.

20. 7. European Alloy Bars European alloy bars are coated with other metals. The metals are usually steel, zinc, aluminum, manganese, or copper.

21. 8. Wire Mesh Rebars Wire mesh rebar is used when a thick slurry or a high-strength mix is required. It has a coarse mesh and is made of carbon steel or GFRP.

22. 9. Welded Wire Fabric Welded wire fabric rebar is made from wires welded together to form a solid structure. This type of bar is strong, but it’s also heavy and difficult to install. For this reason, it’s used primarily for road construction.

23. 10. High-Strength Deformed Bars High-strength deformed bars (HSD bars) feature surface indentations for enhanced concrete adhesion. They offer superior tensile strength and durability, ideal for heavy-duty construction like high-rise buildings and bridges.

24. 11. Basalt Rebar Basalt rebar, made from basalt rock fibers, offers high tensile strength and excellent corrosion and alkali resistance. It is lighter than steel rebar, easing transport and handling.

25. Applications of Rebar in Construction Rebar is used in numerous construction applications and is listed as follows:

26. Rebar is an unavoidable choice for foundations as it provides integral stability and resistance to the building. It prevents settlement and can be used in piles, footings, and foundation slabs. ? Foundation

27. Concrete slabs and beams highly require rebar to resist heavy loads and efforts, such as structure weight and variable loads (people, furniture, home accessories, etc.). It ensures durability and resists cracking. Slabs and Beams

28. The rebar provides the biggest support to these vertical load-bearing elements and prevents the structure from buckling or deformation. Columns and Pillars

29. Incorporating rebar into the walls helps improve its resistance and stability. This is significant to seismic areas or a region with a risk of ground movements. Walls

30. 1. Flexibility in design – The use of rebar provides flexibility in the design of larger buildings and structures. It is a boon for architects and engineers because with the help of these bars, they can design aesthetically pleasing and innovative structures without compromising on strength, which allows them to work freely and independently which eventually leads to creation of iconic infrastructure and buildings. IMPORTANCE OF REBARS

31. 2. Reduction of Cracking – In extravagant structures, the chances of cracking in weak points are the most. This generally happens due to temperature variations, unequal settlement or external loads is higher in capacity then estimation.

32. 3. Longevity and Low Maintenance – The durability of rebar contributes to the longevity of bigger structures like bridges. Due to this, maintenance costs decrease over the time.

33. 4. Construction Efficiency – Rebar is also known to enhance the efficiency. In the construction of bigger structures, uses of Reinforcing bars are unparalleled. The versatility of rebar allows for the creation of unique shapes and designs to reduce the need for additional supportive elements . ?

34. 5. Economic Viability – The initial investment in quality rebar pays off over the structure’s total lifespan, which minimizes the need for expensive repairing and maintenance cost which ensures the construction remains a sound and sustainable investment. ?

35. BENEFITS OF USING REBARS IN CONCRETE

36. 1. Added Strength – Rebar especially adds tensile strength to concrete, which naturally has excellent compressive strength but poor tensile strength: Compressive strength is the ability to withstand loads pushing down. Think of compressive loads as that of a pneumatic press. Tensile strength is the capability to resist being stretched or pulled. Imagine rocks placed in a plastic bag. Rebar practically doubles the tensile strength of concrete.

37. 2. Fewer Cracks – Cracks are usually caused by greater pressure than the concrete can sustain. Rebar increases this ability. It also reduces the expansion and shrinking of a concrete slab due to temperature changes.

38. 3. Less Concrete Needed – Generally, a thicker pour of concrete mix is needed for slabs requiring extra strength. However, sometimes you don’t have the space for it. Adding rebar to the concrete reduces the necessary thickness while maintaining its ability to sustain the load.

39. 4. Greater Longevity – Rebar adds years of life to the concrete structure. Structural integrity is maintained over time by: Preventing cracks Increasing strength Reducing necessary maintenance ?

40. 5. A Safer Structure – The inclusion of rebar in concrete construction reduces the chances of structural failure. One of the significant concerns that engineers are trying to address is the increase in structural damage due to natural disasters. Concrete reinforced by steel bars has proven to reduce a building’s chance of collapse due to natural disasters. This includes earthquakes, hurricanes, and floods.

41. 6. Versatility – Rebar comes in many different forms, shapes, types, and sizes. Rebar can also be shaped, bent, and cut to meet the needs of a project. Tying or joining rebar can add length or stability to the rebar placement for extra-large jobs.

42. CONCLUSION In conclusion, rebar is really important for strong concrete buildings. The report shows how rebar makes concrete stronger and last longer. There are different kinds of rebar for different jobs. Rebar helps buildings not crack, stay up in bad weather, and be safe for people. So, rebar is a key part of making good, strong buildings that can last a long time.

43. REFERENCES John. (2024). Rebar Essentials: Rebar Sizes, types, grades, and uses – SteelPRO Group. SteelPro . https://steelprogroup.com/steel-bar/rebar-sizes-types-grades-uses/#:~:text=Types%20of%20Rebar,corrosion%20resistance%20for%20harsh%20environments Patel, H. (2025). What is Rebar In Construction: All You Need To Know. blogs-and-articles . https://www.bricknbolt.com/blogs-and-articles/construction-guide/what-is-rebar-in-construction#:~:text=Rebar%20is%20used%20in%20numerous,a%20risk%20of%20ground%20movements Senthil , S. ( n.d. ). Rebar. Scribd . https://www.scribd.com/document/212423219/Rebar#:~:text=Rebar%20is%20a%20steel%20bar,strength%20for%20reinforced%20concrete%20structures

44. REFERENCES Steel, S. (2024). What is the importance of using reinforcing bars in construction? Saba Steel Industrial Nigeria Limited. https://www.sabasteelng.com/importance-of-using-reinforcing-bars/#:~:text=This%20generally%20happens%20due%20to,a%20sound%20and%20sustainable%20investment Teamysb . (2021). 9 Common types of rebars used in the construction industry. Phoenix Reinforcing. https://phoenixreinforcing.com.au/uncategorized/types-of-rebars-used-in-the-construction-industry/#:~:text=Types%20of%20Rebar,abrasion%20is%20a%20significant%20concern .

45. ANY QUESTIONS?

46. Thank you & God bless! Presented by: Vina Bangayan & Myrelle Amato