The six kingdoms

Six Kingdoms of Classification

1. Bird’s Eyeview of the Living World The Six Kingdom of Classifiction

2. The History of Classification In the 1700’s, Linnaeus separated all life into 2 Kingdoms: Plants and Animals. More kingdoms added as knowledge of the diversity of organisms increased. We currently have 6 Kingdoms. Remember: Kingdoms are the broadest taxon : KPCOFGS

3. Six Kingdoms in Taxonomy organized according to type of cells, ability to make food, number of cells in body Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals

4. Terminology Getting food autotrophs – make own food hetertrophs – get food from other sources Type of cells prokaryotic – no nucleus, membrane bound organelles, DNA is circular (plasmid), do contain ribosomes , smaller eukaryotic – with a nucleus and organelles, DNA in chromosomes, larger

5. Terminology Continued Body type unicellular – made of only one cell multicellular – made of more than one cell; -have cells with special functions Reproduction sexual – need male and female parents asexual – need only one parent

6. Kingdom Archaebacteria Go to Section: Cell Type Prokaryote Number of Cells Unicellular Nutrition Autotroph or Heterotroph Location Extreme Environments Volcanoes, Deep Sea Vents, Yellowstone Hot Springs Examples Methanogens Thermophiles -”ancient bacteria” -existed before dinosaurs

7. Extreme Environments

8. Kingdom Eubacteria Go to Section: E. coli Streptococcus Cell Type Prokaryote Number of Cells Unicellular Nutrition Autotroph or Heterotroph Examples Streptococcus, Escherichia coli (E. coli) Chemical makeup is different from that of archaebacteria.

9. A Typical Bacteria Cell

10. Kingdom Protista Go to Section: Paramecium Green algae Amoeba Cell Type Eukaryote Number of Cells Most Unicellular, some multicellular Nutrition Autotroph or Heterotroph Examples Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, -“odds and ends” kingdom because its organisms are pretty different from one another

11. Protozoa

12. A Typical Protist

13. Kingdom Fungi Go to Section: Mildew on Leaf Mushroom Cell Type Eukaryote Number of Cells Most multicelluar, some unicelluar Nutrition Heterotroph Example Mushroom, yeast, mildew, mold Most Fungi are DECOMPOSERS

14. FUNGI

15. FUNGI includes: Unicellular Yeast

16. A Typical Fungal Cell Fungal Cells HAVE CELL WALLS !!!!

17. Kingdom Plantae Go to Section: Ferns : seedless vascular Sunflowers: seeds in flowers Douglas fir: seeds in cones Mosses growing on trees Cell Type Eukaryote Number of Cells Multicellular Nutrition Autotroph Examples Mosses, ferns, conifers, flowering plants

18. Typical Plant Cell

19. Kingdom Animalia Go to Section: Sage grouse Poison dart frog Bumble bee Sponge Jellyfish Hydra Cell Type Eukaryote Number of Cells Multicellular Nutrition Heterotroph Examples Sponges, worms, insects, fish, mammals

20. Typical Animal Cell

21. The Six Kingdoms Review Eubacteria- “true” bacteria (prokaryotic) Archaebacteria – “ancient” bacteria (prokaryotic” Protista – WEIRD organisms!!!! (eukaryotic) Fungi – digest dead or decaying matter (eukaryotic) Plantae - stationary, photosynthetic (eukaryotic) Animalia – mobile heterotrophs (eukaryotic)