therapeutic community modality program (TCMP) bureau of jail management and penology

basis on implementation of TCMP

1. Bureau of Jail Manage
ment and Penology
Bureau of Jail Manage
ment and Penology

2. INTRODUCTION

What is TC?
 History of TC
 Elements of TC
 How to establish a therapeutic
community
Cardinal Rules
House Rules
Sample Daily Schedule
 Components of TC (Overview)

3. THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY MODALITY PROGRAM
(TCMP)
TC uses the “Community” as a vehicle for change in behavior and
attitude by teaching the clients the right way of living
Expectations inside the program are parallel to social expectations
Prepares the person for release into the mainstream of society and
family
“Man helping man help himself”
Serves as a learning laboratory in which the client learns and
practices the skills and responsibilities that they will transfer to their
homes and communities

4. History of TC

6. HOW TO ESTABLISH A TC
COMMUNITY
 Establish the community norms
 Rules: Cardinal Rules, House Rules
 Organize the community
1. Identify major tasks
2. Create teams or
departments
3. Job descriptions
4. Job assignments
5. Daily structure/ Schedule

7. Example of a Daily
Schedule
AM
6:00 - Wake-up/ fix beds/ clean room/ opening
inspection
6:30 - Exercise/ wash up/ prepare for breakfast
7:00 - Breakfast
7:45 - Pre-morning meeting
8:00 - Morning meeting
9:00 - Staff meeting/ department meeting
9:30 - Job functions/ school/ livelihood activities/
religious activities/ visitation
11:30 - Wash up/ prepare for lunch
12:00 - Lunch

8. PM
1:00 - Seminars
2:00 - Groups: static, encounter, peer
groups
3:30 - Job functions
5:00 - Sports
6:00 - Wash up/ prepare for dinner
6:30 - Dinner
7:30 - Free time, counseling, TV time
10:00 - Closing inspection/ lights out

9. CARDINAL RULES
NO SEX OR SEXUAL ACTING OUT
NO DRUGS/ALCOHOL/SMOKING
NO VIOLENCE OR THREAT OF
VIOLENCE
NO STEALING

10. EXAMPLES OF HOUSE
RULES
 No destruction of jail property
 Follow directions without feedback
 No gambling
 No talking/ laughing after lights out
 Maintain good grooming/ hygiene
 No lending/ borrowing without
permission
 Use the chain of command
 Respect other people’s property

12. Understanding the TC
Philosophy
Written
And
Unwritten
PS: Its not just memorizing but knowing it by heart
and translating it in deeds

13. TC PHILOSOPHY
I am here because there is no refuge
finally, from myself
Until I confront myself in the eyes and hearts of others,
I am running
Until I suffer them to share my secrets,
I have no safety from them
Afraid to be known, I can know neither myself nor any other,
I will be alone
Where else but in our common ground can I find such a mirror?
Here, together, I can at last appear clearly to myself
Not as the giant of my dreams,
nor the dwarfs of my fears
But as a person, part of the whole,
with my share in its purpose.
In this ground, I can take root and grow,
not alone anymore as in death,
but alive to myself and to others

14. LAYUNIN
(TC Philosophy in Tagalog)
AKO’Y NARIRITO SAPAGKAT
HINDI KO NA MATATAKASAN
ANG AKING SARILI.
HANGGANG HINDI AKO NAGIGING MATAPAT
SA PAGPUNA SA AKING SARILI
SA MATA AT PUSO NG IBA, AKO ’Y TUMATAKBO.
HANGGANG HINDI KO INILALAHAD
ANG LABI NG AKING MGA LIHIM,
AKO’Y WALANG KAPAYAPAAN.
SA MALAKING TAKOT NA SARILI ’Y MABUNYAG,
HINDI KO MAUUNAWAAN ANG AKING SARILI
AT PAGKATAO NG IBA.
SA DILIM MANANATILING NAG-IISA.
SAAN PA KUNDI SA PILING NG KATULAD KO
MAKIKITA ANG TUNAY NA SALAMIN.
SAMA-SAMA DITO SA WAKAS,
MATATANGGAP KO ANG TUNAY AT SARILING
PAGKATAO.
DI ANG BALIW NG AKING PANGARAP
O ANG ALIPIN NG AKING TAKOT.
SA HALIP BILANG ISANG TAO SAKOP NG
SANLIBUTAN
AT MAY BAHAGI SA LAYUNING ITO.
SA LUPANG ITO AKO AY MAKAPAG-UUGAT AT
SUSUPLING.
DI NA AKO MULING MAG-IISA TULAD SA
KAMATAYAN.
SA HALIP AY MAY ALAB ANG BUHAY
SA SARILI AT KAPWA.

15. TC LAYUNIN
AKO’Y NARRITO SAPAGKAT DI’
KO NA MATATAKASANANG
AKING SARILI
(Surrender/Pagsuko)
HANGGAT DI’AKO NAGIGING
MATAPATSA PAGPUNA NG
AKING SARILI SA MATA AT
PUSO NG IBAAKO’Y
TUMATAKBO
HANGGAT DI’ KO NAILALAHAD
ANG LABI NG AKING MGA
LIHIM
AKO’Y WALANG KAPAYAPAAN
SA MALAKING TAKOT SA
AKING SARILI MABUNYAG
DI’ KO MAUNAWAAN ANG
AKING SARILI AT PAGKATAO
NG IBA (Self
Disclosure/Sariling
Pagsisiwalat)
SA DILIM MANANATILING NAG-IISA
SAAN PA KUNDI SA OPILING NG
KATULAD KO
MAKIKITA ANG TUNAY NA SALAMIN
SAMA-SAMA DITO SA WAKAS
MATATANGGAP KO ANG AKING TUNAY
AT SARILING PAGKATAO
(Reflection/Repleksyon)
DI’ ANG BALIW NA AKING PANGARAP
O ALIPIN NG AKING TAKOT
SAKOP NG SANLIBUTAN
AT MAIBAHAGI SA LAYUNING ITO
(Self Realization/Pagsasakatuparan ng
Sarili/Reyalisasyon
SA LUPANG ITO AKO’Y MAKAPAG-
UUGAT
AT SUSUPLING DI’ NA AKO MAG-IISA
TULAD SA KAMATAYAN
(Growth/Paglago)
SA HALIP MAY-ALAB ANG BUHAY SA
SARILI AT KAPWA…(Self
Worth/Kahulugan o Pagkakahalaga

16. TC Unwritten Philosophies
•Honesty
•Responsible love and concern
•To be aware is to be alive
•Trust in your environment
•Be careful what you ask for, you might just get it
•No free lunch
•You can’t keep it unless you give it away
•What goes around comes around
•Act as if
•Understand rather than be understood
•Personal growth before vested status
•Compensation is valid
•Forgiveness
•Hang tough
•Guilt kills
•You are your brother’s keeper
•Pride in quality
•You alone can do it, but you cannot do it alone
•Humility
•Feelings don’t think

17. Psychological/
Emotional
Component

18. Psychological State of
PDL

19. Goals of TCMP

20. EMOTIONAL/ PSYCHOLOGICAL
1.Individual counseling
1:1 counseling with
SW, Psychologist
2. Static group
-All new members are assigned to a static
group/ permanent group all throughout
-meets 1-2x 1week to discuss any
problem of members
-old members serve as
big brothers to new ones
are selected by the staff and group
according to peers like adult members will
go with the same date of entry in the
facility and same goes with the middle
and young members.

21. Men’s group
- facilitated by jail staff
-discusses issues of
men-emotions/feeling
Women’s group
- facilitated by jail staff
-women issues are discussed

23. PHASES OF
TREATMENT
Phase I- Orientation
- residents are given the opportunity to get acquainted with
the program, its rules, philosophy, process and terminologies.
Phase II- Primary Treatment
- residents begin to demonstrate initiative in work, groups,
interpersonal and family issues.
- residents are beginning to evolve or develop themselves
with the use of the different tools.
Phase III- Pre- reentry
-residents begin to reintegrate into mainstream living.
-social networking for support and socialization efforts are
done

24. Phase IV – Re-entry
-vocational/ educational plans are initiated.
- residents have concrete plans for full
reintegration into society.
-establishment of a support group
-relapse to old ways is high due to insecurity and
anxiety of independence
Phase V- Aftercare
-LGUs /NGOs/other GOs play a big role

25. Intellectual/
Spiritual
Component

26. INTELLECTUAL/ SPIRITUAL
1. Morning meeting
-theme of the day
-news
2. TC philosophy
“man helping man help himself”
3. Unwritten philosophies
4. Religious activities
-belief in the higher power
-knowing self based on faith
5. Educational training
-alternative learning system (ALS)
-seminars
-debates
-lectures/ mind games / charade
6. Saturday night activities
- “relaxation ,socialization”
and “entertainment”
-sense of camaraderie
7. Week-end wrap-up
-review of what happened the whole week
-facilitated by a staff

27. SUGGESTED INTELLECTUAL/SPIRITUAL
ACTIVITIES
II. Seminars
-Health awareness
seminars e.g. HIV,
PTB, common
diseases
-Personal
effectiveness e.g.
Stress management,
anger management,
grieving process
III. Literacy Program
-Alternative Learning
System
- Tutorials
I. Orientation
seminar:
-Jail rules and
regulations
-programs and
facility guidelines
-house rules
-job functions
IV Spirituality
-Seminar on written and
unwritten Philosophies
-meditations/
recollections
-Bible study/ prayer
meetings/ daily devotion/
Holy Mass

28. SUGGESTED INTELLECTUAL/SPIRITUAL
ACTIVITIES
VI. Workshops
Origami
Cooking
Gardening
Poetry
Art/music therapy
VII. Games
- Charade
- Pinoy
Henyo
- The boat is
sinking
V. Discussions
-Debate
-Values
-Gender and Sensitivity

29. “Spirituality has to do with the quality of
our relationships to whatever or whomever is
most important in our life”
Therefore…spirituality is closely related to
values, priorities, goals and preoccupations.
It has to do with whatever is at the center of
our life.
It is one’s journey towards awareness.

30. Behavioral
Shaping
Tools
(BST)

31. BEHAVIOR
MODIFICATION THEORY
REWARDS FOR POSITIVE
BEHAVIOR HAVE LONGER
STAYING POWER
NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES HAVE
SHORT-LIVED IMPACT BUT ARE
MORE DRAMATIC FOR IMMEDIATE
INTERVENTIONS OF BEHAVIORS
GRADUATED REWARDS HAVE A
CUMULATIVE EFFECT

32. Hierarchy of Behavior Shaping Tools
Expulsion
General Meeting
Learning Experience
Bans
Haircut
Dealt With
Pull-up
Talk to
Increase in severity, decrease in frequency

33. TC CARDINAL
RULES

34. BEHAVIOR SHAPING TOOLS
I. MORNING MEETING
to start the day
To set the mood
To solve immediate problems
Talk about the past, present and future plans
Focuses on here and now
II. TC PHILOSOPHY
Guiding principles
Teaches openness, exposure and submission to change
Recited daily in the Morning meeting
III. UNWRITTEN PHILOSOPHIES
Slogans, values, beliefs applicable to TC
Reminder to participants
Philosophies to live by

35. P
ARTS OF MORNING
M
EETING
I. Community
Announcement/Concerns
a. Opening Prayer
b. Singing of the Philippine
National Anthem (Flag
must be Displayed)
c. TC Philosophy (LAYUNIN)
d. Announcements
Staff
Residents/PDL
Report on Data
Inspection by Chief
Expediter
e. Community Concerns
- Pull –ups/Eleborations
- Affirmation
f. Concept of the Day
g. Verse of the Day
II. UP- RITUALS
h. News casting (Local,
Nat’l, International, Sports
and Weather News
i. Entertainment (Song,
Dance, Skit, Humorous Story
j. Community Singing (Any
song that has relation to the
concept of the Day)
g. Greetings

36. IV. TALK TO
verbal correction to minor mistakes
given in a positive manner with the purpose of correcting
mistakes
done when the one doing the talk is aware of the other person’s
mistake
V. PULL-UP
done during the Morning Meeting
when a mistake is done but the doer is unknown
Encourages ownership and honesty

37. VI. DEALT WITH
- Panel is composed of three residents (friend, peer and senior
member)
VII. HAIRCUT
more formal and severe
For repeated mistakes
4 or 5 reprimanding the offender
The offender sits in front of the 4 and is not allowed to talk
VII. LEARNING EXPERIENCE
Given to a person who makes repeated mistakes
Sanction is equivalent to the infraction
Not a punishment but to encourage awareness
Must be realistic and human

38. VIII. Bans
Temporary suspension of privilege
Ex.: prohibited from sunning/ exercise for 1 week
X. General Meeting
The erring participant is addressed by all members
Most severe infraction
Violation of the cardinal rules
XI. Expulsion
Grave infraction that the offender cannot anymore stay in the facility
His stay will cause more harm to others

39. Encounter
Groups
Serves as a steam valve to release frustrations in a constructive
manner
Gives both parties the chance
to express feelings in a safe structure
Accomplished encounter slips
dropped in a Encounter Box
Done once or twice a week

41. Vocational/
Survival Skills
Component

42. VOCATIONAL/SURVIVAL SKILLS
1.TC hierarchical structure
-participants can get position in the
structure after he/she has proven herself
worthy of it
-the structure makes sure that tasks are
completed properly and on time
-anybody can be demoted or promoted
defending on performance
-gives the member a sense of fulfillment
for being a productive member of the
community
2. Job functions
-given to promote pride in working
-highest position for a participant is
coordinator
-keeps them busy
-encourages leadership

43. 3. Staff Functions:
a. Director(Warden)
-heads the TC program
b. Counselors
- heads each department
-coordinators report directly to
counselor
- report directly to the director
-does individual counseling
-leads the group sessions (specialized
groups)
4. Skills Training
-from outside service providers
-can be a source of income once released
5. Livelihood Program
-teaches them skills and source of livelihood

44. “Developing skills with very
little emphasis on behavior
shaping is ineffective”
Focusing on behavior is the
first objective of
vocational/survival skills.

45. Hierarchical Structure of TC
DIRECTOR
Assistant Director
Special Service
Counsellor
IWD
Grounds Dept.
Counsellor
Expediting Team
Counsellor
BOD
Counsellor
Kitchen Dept.
Counsellor
Housekeeping
Dept.
Counsellor
Laundry Dept.
Counsellor
Medical & Dental
Coordinator Chief, Expediter Coordinator
Kitchen Dept.
Coordinator
Housekeeping
Dept.
Coordinator
Cultural & Sports
Asst. Department
Head
Expediter
Crew Crew Crew Crew
Senior Citizen’s Care
Department
Head
Shingle Department Head Department Head Department Head Department Head
Livelihood & Skills
Training
Literacy
Paralegal
Spiritual
Laundry Dept.
Coordinator
Asst. Department Head
Asst. Department
Head
Asst. Department
Head
Asst. Department
Head
Disciplinary Board
Crew
PDL

46. FUNCTIONS OF THE DIFFERENT POSTIONS IN
THE TC HIERARCHY
Coordinator:
- Highest position for a resident
-A positive role model
-Deals with the attitudes of the residents
-The leader of a team assigned to oversee a specific
department
-Reports job changes
-Oversees that each team works efficiently
-Supervises the over-all functions of the
departments
-Disseminates instructions given by the Director and
staff
-Serves as liaison between residents and staff
-Carries out any task assigned by a staff member

47. Coordinator on Duty:
- Conducts inspection of cells, kitchen and other
areas together with the staff on duty and Chief
Expediter
-Delegates tasks to other Coordinators
-Must be aware of all records and events that
happened that day
-Has direct link with the Staff on duty
-Disseminates information coming from the staff
-Validates different incidences and report them to
the staff

48. Chief Expediter:
-Manages the daily function and activities of the
community
-Oversees the schedule of the day
-Communicates with the department heads in the
execution of job functions
-Communicates with the Coordinator of the day to
ensure smooth flow of activities and movements of
residents
Assistant Chief Expediter:
-Responsible for the execution of directives form the
Chief Expediter
-Supervises the activity inside the dormitories
-Monitors overall function of the different
departments and reports to the chief all the incidences
-Facilitates meetings in the absence of the Chief
Expediter

49. Department Head:
-Conducts departmental meetings before job
functions
-Delegates specific tasks to team members and
monitors individual conduct
-Monitors participation of members to activities
of the program
-Checks attendance and whereabouts of team
members
-Screens team members’ requests
-Recommends grants or denials to requests of
team members
Department Crew:
-Entry position for all new residents
-Responsible for carrying out tasks, duties and
responsibilities of their concerned departments

50. Business Office Department (BOD)
-Welcomes new members of the family and makes
sure that policies, rules and their limitations are
clear
-Facilitates younger members’ group by sharing
experiences
-Orients new residents on how the TC program
works
-Prepares programs or special events and
disseminates all written communications
-Maintains and updates bulletin board postages and
announcements
-Helps staff in updating profile of residents
-Prepares sound system and flow of program during
activities

51. Expediting Team:
-Oversees the day to day affairs of the different
departments
-Reports any incident in the facility and the overall
attitude of the community
-In-charge of the attendance of the residents in
groups, seminars, static, and specialized groups
-Confronts attitudes around the house
-Coordinates with staff regarding announcements,
activities, medications, court hearings for proper
information and dissemination
-Coordinates with Coordinator of the Day and
medical staff in attending to sick residents
-Prepares designated room assignments upon
admission of residents
-Oversees residents during a learning experience
structure

52. Kitchen Department:
-Prepares and cook food for daily consumption
-Maintains quality of food and dietary requirements of
every menu
-Preserves sanitary working environment and maintains
kitchen equipment properly
-Prepares menu for special requirements and occasions
-Serves meal on time
-Ensures proper storage of food items
-Conducts regular health screening of kitchen workers
-Maintains proper washing of dishes and kitchen utensils
and proper disposal of waste materials

53. Maintenance and Landscaping
Department:
-Maintains cleanliness of grounds
-Responsible in tree planting, watering and trimming of
plants, trees and flower beds
-Maintains inventory of materials and equipment
-Reports needed repairs
-Does minor repairs of jail facility and equipment
-Monitors proper usage of water and electricity

54. Housekeeping Department:
-Maintains the cleanliness of the cells, mess hall, visitation
area and comfort room
-Maintains inventory of housekeeping materials
-Provides proper storage of housekeeping materials
Laundry Department:
-Assigns and schedules laundry time for every dorm
-Designates and maintains hanging area foe washed
clothing
-Collects all dried washed clothing and distributes to the
respective dorms

55. STAFF FUNCTIONS
Director:
-Warden serves as the Director
-Oversees all the activities of the program
-Makes final decisions as to sanctions to be meted out to
residents
Assistant Director:
-Assistant Warden
-Takes over the responsibility of the warden in his absence
-Assists the Director in the latters responsibilities
Counselor:
-Heads a specific department in addition to his other tasks
in the jail
-Monitors the activities of his own department

56. “LET US JOIN HANDS TO SUPPORT
PDL’S WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT!”
THANK YOU
FAMILY