Theravada Buddism pptx 28902723422102222

religion

1. Theravada Buddhism

2. Buddhism Is one of the world largest religion and originated 2,500 years ago in India BUDDHISM

3. Asian countries that have the highest Buddhist majority in terms of population. 1. Cambodia 97℅ 2. Thailand 90℅ 3. Myanmar 80℅ 4. Bhutan 75℅ 6.Sri Lanka 75℅ 7.Laos 66℅ ASIAN COUNTRIES THAT HAVE THE HIGHEST BUDDHIST MAJORITY IN TERMS POPULATION

4. Buddhism is one of the most practical among the world’s great religion because its belief system intends to meet the basic needs of human needs and solve human kind spiritual problem without depending on supernatural forces (Brown 1973).

5. The two main division of the religion are: Mahayana Buddhism

6. Theravada Buddhism

7. Theravada Is the more conservative subdivision of Buddhism than Mahayana thus, it is closer to the fundamental teachings of Siddhartha.

8. Who was Siddhartha?

9. Siddhartha Gautama, who would one day become known as Buddha (“enlightened one” or “the awakened”), lived in Nepal during 6 th to 4 th century B.C. Siddhartha (which means “he who achieves his alm”) Gautama to a large clan called the Shakyas in Lumbini,(today,modern Nepal) in the 6 th century B.C. His mother died seven days after giving birth to him, but a holy man prophesized great things for young Siddhartha: He would be either a great king or military leader or he would be a great spiritual leader.

10. To keep his son from witnessing the meseries and suffering of the world, Siddhartha’s father raised him in opulence in a palace build just for the boy and sheltered him from knowledge of religion and human hardship. According to custom, he married at the age of 16, but his life of total seclusion continued for another 13 years. But Siddhartha got to the point of his life that he wants to experience the life outside in the real world.

11. SIDDHARTHA EXPERIENCES THE REAL WORLD

12. The prince reached his late 20’s with little experience of the work outside the walls of his opulent palace, but one day he ventured out beyond the palace walls and was quickly confronted the realities of human frailty: He saw a very old man, and Siddhartha’s charioteer explained that all people grow old. Questions about all he had not experienced led him to take more journeys of exploration, and on these subsequent trips he encountered a diseased man, a decaying corpse and an ascetic. The charioteer explained that the ascetic had renounced the world to seek release from the human fear of death and suffering.

13. The early scholars of Buddhism developed their own unique body of sacred texts. Of these however only the Pali Canon or the Tripitaka/ Tripitaka (Three Baskets) of Thera vada Buddhism survives ( Coogan 2005). The Three baskets ( tipitaka / tripitaka ) and their contents are summarized in the following .

14. Tipitaka and their contents 1. Sulta Pitaka ( Discouses ) - Buddha‘s doctrinal discourses 2. Vinaya Pitaka (Discipline)- Rules of discipline 3. Abhidhamma Pitaka (Ultimate Doctrine)- Systematic analysis of the categories of Buddhist thought.

15. The first basket, the Sulta Pitaka, contains the conventional teaching delivered by Siddhartha on different occasions. Discourses of Siddhartha’s disciples such as those of Sariputa , Mogallan , Amanda,a re also part of the Sultan Pitaka. It is divided into 5 collections namely,

16. Digha Nikaya (Collection of Long Discourses)

17. Majjhima Nikaya (Collection of Middle-length discourses)

18. Samyutta Nikaya (Collection of kindred sayings)

19. Anguttara Nikaya (Collection of discourses arranged in accordance with number)

20. The second basket, the Vinaya Pitaka, contains the disciplinary code required of Buddhist monks (bhikkhus) and nuns (bhikkhunis). Various rules and regulations must be followed by the monastic community. It consist of the five books , namely

21. Parajika Pali (Major offenses)

22. Pacittiya Pali (Minor Offences)

23. Mahavagga Pali (Greater Section)

24. Culla-vaga Pali (Smaller Section)

25. Parivara Pali (Epitome of Vinaya)

26. The third basket, Pitaka is a work of moral psychology. The reflective philosophies of Siddhartha’s teaching are contained bin the Abhidhamma Pitaka that is strictly a Theravada collection. It is composed of seven books, works namely, Dhammasangani (Enumeration of Phenomena) Vibhanga (The book of the treatises) Katha Vathu (Point of Cortroversy ) Puggala Pannati (Description of Individuals) Dhatu Katha (Discussion with reference to elements) Yamaka (The book of Pairs) Patthana (The book of Relations)

27. Beliefs & Doctrines

28. He never intended to start a new religion especially so that his teachings are focused primary on ethics, and self- understanding as people work for their salvation on their own without needing the assistance of any supreme being.

29. He did not claim to be a savior but a guide and a teacher as he appointed the way of others to follow and gain spiritual bliss and doing so.

30. Another unique feature of Buddhism is the belief that soul or atman do not exist as people live in a state of nonsoulness or anatman/anatta. Do not preach humans have an external life and indestructible soul.

31. Impermanence or anitya/ annica state that all conditioned things are transitory and passing

32. Four Noble Truth

33. The first Noble Truth The origin of the problem the dukhha , suffering can be experienced throughout the different stages of a person’s life from birth, sickness, old age to ultimate death.

34. The Second Noble Truth The cause of suffering or samodaya -in craving or desire (or tanha) in the perpetual thirst of human to consumed things, experiences, or ideas.

35. The Third noble truth Is a cessation or nirodha to suffering and bondage by eliminating craving and desire . By dropping the bonds of craving , one gets to be released from the fundamental nature of reality.

36. The fourth Noble truth The path or magga leading to the termination of craving and desire to eventual cessation of pain .

37. Noble EightFold path Which is an entirely practical path and each described as “right” or samma .

38. Three aspects of samma Path of wisdom- this includes right view and right intention

39. Path of morality- this includes right speech, right action, and livelihood

40. Path of meditation- it consists of right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration.

41. Rebirth or samsara The mastery of the various truths and observance of the path would lead the person to break the bond that binds him or her life and obtain release from from the eternal cycle of death.

42. KARMA The Law of Cause and Effect

43. Law of Dependent Organization or Paticca - Is one of the most insightful teachings of Siddhartha Impermanence of Things- is an unavoidable fact of human existence Samsara- a being escape of all phenomena Nirvana- a person’s mind is at perfect peace, called arhat or one who is “worthy of honor”.

44. Worship & Observances Stupas are commemorative monuments that contained sacred relics associated with Siddhartha himself. In Tibet the stupa was transformed into a chorten and in the Southeast and East Asia called Pagoda.

45. Subdivisions The subdivision of Theravada that existed during the early history of Sri Lanka can be traced from the three monasteries of Mahavihara, Abhayagirivihara and Jetavana Mahavihara or “Great monastery” of Anuradhapura was founded by King Devanampiya Tissa who ruled between 307 B.C.E to 267 B.C.E. Abhayagiri Dagaba was the King Mahesena who ruled 277 B.C.E and 304 C.E.

46. War and Violence In Buddhism, war is evil or akusala as some scholar state that it has no rationalization in Siddhartha’s teaching.

47. Woman in Buddhism Siddhartha slowed woman to participate in the sangha although there were some stipulations. Woman’s principle was to become a faithful and devoted housewives subject to the whims or husbands.

48. Within the sangha, Siddhartha recognized the potential and value of bhikkunis who where also expert in teaching the dhama. These include, Dammadina Khema Uppalavanna

49. Siddhartha acknowledged that man is not always wise as woman is also wise . The fundamental teachings of Buddhism are closely tied to the life of Siddhartha Gautama who was born between 563 B.C.E to 480 B.C.E in Lumbini in the foothills of the Nepalese Himalayas.

50. Thank you!!!