Thermoelectric generator

Its a seminar ppt based on the IEEE paper of 2010 and 2016 on the topic THERMOELECTRIC GENERATORS.

1. TEGs BASED ELECTRICITY GENERATION Presented By: Geethu Sara Johns S7A, ECE Roll no:30

2. INTRODUCTION Main problem - Energy crisis. Tremendous energy wasted in the form of heat. Need to use the wasted energy. Increased interest in renewable energy. Energy scavengers are modern trend. 3 College Of Engineering, Chengannur

3. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 3 Fig 1: WHP

4. TEGs- Thermo Electric Generators Solid state device. Devices that convert temperature differences into electrical energy. Basic principle- SEEBECK EFFECT College Of Engineering, Chengannur 4 Fig 2: TEGs

5. SEEBECK EFFECT When the junctions of two different metals are maintained at different temperature, the emf is produced in the circuit. The Magnitude of voltage generated is proportional to temperature difference Discovered by: THOMAS JOHANN SEEBECK College Of Engineering, Chengannur 5 Fig 3: Seebeck effect

6. CONSTRUCTION Major components Thermoelectric materials Thermoelectric pairs College Of Engineering, Chengannur 6 Fig 4: components of TEG

7. TEGs WORKING The simplest TEG consist of thermocouple of n type and p type elements connected electrically in series and thermally in parallel. heat is input from one side and rejected from other side. a voltage will be generated across Thermocouple. The magnitude of the voltage is proportional to the temperature gradient. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 7 Heat input Hot junction Cold junction P-type N-type Heat ejection Power output

8. ADVANTAGES Waste Heat – Electricity. Available 24 hours a day. No noise and low maintenance. High Reliability . Stabilize temperature of devices. Increase operation life under all environments. Performance output highly scalable. Space requirement is only 1/20 th of a solar cell. Portable power. Less weight than a battery. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 8

9. DISADVANTAGES Low efficiency. High cost. High output resistance. Adverse thermal conditions. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 9

10. APPLICATIONS College Of Engineering, Chengannur 10 Bike LED Lighting Home Power Station Thermic Watches Industrial Waste Heat Thermoelectric stove and phone charger

11. PROPOSED MODEL College Of Engineering, Chengannur 11 Heat from electric generator exhaust gases is transmitted by conduction to the hot side of the TEG Hexagon format stainless steel apparatus. Each side has 2 TEG. Total 12 TEGs. Cooling system to stabilize the temperature.

12. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 12 Fig 6. (a) Top view of the assembly of the apparatus TEG; (b) Side view of the assembly of the apparatus TEG

13. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 13 Fig 7: Cooling system and exhaust gas apparatus

14. Contd... TEG used is TELBP1-12656-0.45 mixture of Bismuthtelluride (Bi 2 Te 3 ) and Lead telluride ( PbTe ) Temperature range Hot side - 60 °C to ± 360 °C continuously Cold side - 60 °C to ± 180 °C continuously Temperatures of the TEG sides are read by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and monitored by a Supervisory System. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 14

15. TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT IN THE APPARATUS Three operating cases : Case I: operating generator and unloaded with 20 minutes of operation; Case II: operating generator 2 minutes with 17 A load; Case III: operating the generator 5 minutes with a load of 47 A. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 15

16. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 16 when the gas inside the exhaust is 313 ºC, the surface temperature is only 150 °C.

17. POWER GENERATION maximum temperature value of the generator with load (150°C) and with the maximum efficiency value of the cooling side 30 °C V oc - open circuit voltage generated V mp - maximum tension generated I mp - current P mp - power generated by the apparatus . College Of Engineering, Chengannur 17

18. COOLING SYSTEM For TELBP1-12656-0.45 When T h = 350 °C and T c =30 °C then, heat flux(Φ) appox .= 247W and electric power output = 21.7 W Heat flow from cold side of TEG to refrigeration box is 225.3 W or 53.82 cal.s -1 With time = 60s, mass of water needed for cooling for each TEG from 25-30 °C is 0.654Liters * 12 = 7.848 l/min College Of Engineering, Chengannur 18

19. FUTURE SCOPE Have the potential to harvest energy from every motor in every factory. Will play a key role in the smart cities of the future. Work is being carried out on thermoelectric energy generator that is affordable for common man. College Of Engineering, Chengannur 19

20. CONCLUSION TEG to supply low power electronics ( milli watts). Waste heat conversion to useful energy beneficial to present energy crisis. Numerous advantages over disadvantages. Development in future will lead to interesting applications. A revolutionary source for green energy College Of Engineering, Chengannur 20

21. REFERENCES [1] T. R. C. Teixeira, Estudo de um Sistema Híbrido com Colectores Solares Termo-Fotovoltaicos Acoplados a um Termogerador Eléctrico, Porto, Portugal: FEUP, 2009. [2] C. Gould; N. Shammas , A review of thermoelectric MEMS devices for micro-power generation, heating and cooling applications, UK: Staffordshire University, 2009. [3] X. Ji et al., Solution-Chemical Syntheses of Nano -Structured Bi2Te3 andPbTe Thermoelectric Materials. Journal of Electronic Materials, USA, v.36, n. 7, 2007. [4] D. M. Rowe (Ed), Thermoelectrics handbook: macro to nano , USA: CRC Press, 2005. [5] O. Junior et al., Analyze the potential of use thermoelectric materials for power cogeneration by energy harvesting–Brazil, Int. J. of Automation and Power Eng, v. 2, n. 5, p. 303-311, 2013. [6] T. Hendricks; W. T. Choate, Engineering Scoping Study of Thermoelectric Generator Systems for Industrial Waste Heat Recovery, US Department of Energy, 2006. [7] Thermonamic , Specification of Thermoelectric Module TELBP1-12656- 0.45. Disponível em: http://www.thermonamic.com/TELBP1-12656-0.45-English.pdf. Acesso em: 13 mar. 2015 College Of Engineering, Chengannur 21

22. THANK YOU College Of Engineering, Chengannur 22

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