THESIS-COLLOQUIUM - kriti.pptxTD6D65D65D656

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1. THESIS COLLOQUIUM KRITI THAKUR ( F-2021-23-M) DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan

2. TITLE OF THESIS Assessment of rooftop rainwater harvesting and solar power potential of university campus in Himachal Pradesh

3. OBJECTIVES Assessment of rooftop rainwater harvesting potential. Assessment of rooftop solar power potential.

4. MATERIAL AND METHODS

5. Fig 3.1: MAP OF STUDY AREA-DR YSP UNIVERSITY NAUNI

6. PRIMARY DATA: Collected through digitization of building rooftops in the campus SECONDARY DATA- Collected from concerned offices and departments Rainfall Data - Conventional Agromet Observatory of IMD, GoI , UHF Nauni Roofing material and Buildings Area - Estate Office, UHF, Nauni Population Data - Student Welfare Office, UHF, Nauni Sunshine Hour Data - Conventional Agromet Observatory of IMD, GoI , UHF Nauni DATA COLLECTED

7. OBJECTIVE 1: ASSESSMENT OF ROOFTOP RAINWATER HARVESTING POTENTIAL Methodology adopted to assess rooftop rainwater harvesting potential Building rooftops of campus digitized as polygons in Google Earth Pro STEP 1 Polygons transported from . kml files to shape files in ArcGIS and total digitized rooftop area calculated Verification of digitized rooftop area with the primary data Analysis of the annual rainfall pattern in the University campus Estimation of rooftop rainwater harvesting potential Analysis of water demand STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP 4 STEP 5 STEP 6

8. ERROR PERCENTAGE FORMULA : (Gilmore et al . 2020) × 100 FORMULA FOR ASSESSMENT OF ROOFTOP RAINWATER HARVESTING POTENTIAL: ( Gould & Nissen formula, 1999 ) S = R×A×C Where, S= Rooftop rainwater harvesting potential (m³) R= Amount of rainfall (mm) A= Area of rooftop catchment (m²) C= Runoff coefficient FORMULA FOR WATER DEMAND: (Hari et al . 2018) Water Demand = Per Capita Demand × Population × Number of Days  

9. OBJECTIVE 2: ASSESSMENT OF ROOFTOP SOLAR POWER POTENTIAL Methodology adopted to assess the rooftop solar power potential Generation of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of University Campus Generation of Aspect Map of the campus Calculation of South Facing area of the roofs Estimation of rooftop solar energy potential STEP 1 STEP 3 STEP 4 STEP 2

10. FORMULA FOR ESTIMATION OF ROOFTOP SOLAR POTENTIAL: Rooftop solar Potential= Rooftop Area (m²)/10 ( Kuthanazhi et al . 2016 )

11. RESULTS Objective-1 Assessment of rooftop rainwater harvesting potential

12. Fig 4.1: Digitized buildings in University campus

13. S. No. Name of Building Latitude (N) Longitude(E) Calculated Area (m²) Digitized Area (m²) Error (%) 1. Gymnasium 30°85’85” 77°16’97” 1156 1134 1.90 2. COF Phase II 30°85’69” 77°16’68” 735 702 3.30 3. Kadambari Hostel 30°85’87” 77°16’74”  308 298 3.24 4. Type IV Residential Building 30°86’23” 77°16’03” 203 204 0.49 5. Type III Residential Building 30°85’97” 77°16’76” 420 423 0.71 6. Department of Vegetable Field 30°86’39”     77°17’08” 289 220 2.22 7. Gauri Hostel 30°85’77” 77°16’75” 256 256 8. COH MBA Department 30°85’62” 77°16’95” 289 287 0.69 9. Wood Workshop 30°85’58” 77°16’77” 116 114 1.72 10. University Guest House 30°86’02” 77°16’88” 540 546 1.11   Mean Error         1.07 Table 4.2: Error percentage a rea of buildings selected manually (%)

14. Table 4.3: Error percentage area of selected buildings from Estate Office data (%) S. No. Name of Building Given Area (Sq. m) Calculated Area (Sq. m) Error (%) 1. Library 1452 1463 0.75% 2. Mushroom Research Lab 278 294 5.75% 3. School Building 314 308 1.91% 4. VC Residence 271.37 286 5.40% 5. New Girls Hostel 423 456 7.80% 6. Seed Store for Vegetable Dept 70 74 5.71% 7. Vishnu Hostel 664 671 1.05% 8. Shopping Centre 495 490 1.00% 9. Health Centre 225.3 221 1.90% 10. University Workshop 239 238 0.40% 11. Mist Chamber 134 133 0.70% 12. Cattle Shed 129 126 2.30% 13. Wood Workshop 100 108 8.00% 14. Madhav Hostel 664 668 5.00%   Mean Error     3.14%

15. Fig 4.3: Annual Rainfall (mm) of the last 40 years in the University campus

16. S. No. Roof type Area (Sq. m) Runoff Coefficient Rainfall (mm) Rainwater Harvesting Potential (Cubic meters) 1. Cement Concrete 9,198 0.95 1,151.4 10,061.04   2. Galvanized Iron 29,120 0.98 1,151.4 32,858.19     Total 38,318     42,919.24   Table 4.3: Rooftop rainwater harvesting potential of the University campus

17. Rainfall   Average Rainfall (mm) Rainfall Harvested from Cement Concrete (m³) Rainfall Harvested from Galvanised Iron (m³) Total Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting Potential (m³) January 62.1 559.77 1772.18 2,331.957 February 82.8 723.51 2362.91 3,086.428 March 69.4 606.42 1980.50 2,586.934 April 40.9 357.38 1167.18 1,528.338 May 71.0 620.40 2026.17 2,646.575 June 135.7 1185.76 3872.55 5,058.312 July 257.5 2250.06 7348.43 9,598.493 August 230.7 2015.88 6583.62 8,599.504 September 133.3 1164.78 3804.06 4,968.851 October 27.1 232.43 759.10 991.5336 November 10.1 88.25 288.22 376.4846 December 30.8 269.13 878.95 1,150.925 Total       42,917.74 Table 4.4: Monthly rooftop rainwater harvesting potential of the university campus

18.   Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting Potential (Cubic Meters) Roof Type Winter Summer South-West Monsoon Post Monsoon Cement Concrete 1,536.158 2,769.104 5,430.729 325.0573 Galvanized Iron 5,016.91 9,043.565 17,736.12 1,061.599 Total 6,553.068 11,812.67 23,166.85 1,386.656 Table 4.5: Season-wise rooftop rainwater harvesting potential of the university campus

19. S. No. Category Demand (Lt/Capita/ Day) ( Pandya et al . 2018) Type of water uses No. of person Daily Demand (Cubic Meters) Annual Demand (Cubic Meters) 1. Hostel 18 Drinking, Cooking, Washing Utensils and Premises 1250 22.5 8,212.5 2. College 45 Overall 1669 75.105 27,413.33 3. Residential 55 Drinking, Cooking, Bathing, Washing Utensils and house, Toilets, Washing of clothes 972 53.46 19,512.9 4. Office 13 Drinking, Sanitation, Miscellaneous 243 3.159 1,153.04   Total       154.224 56,291.77 Table 4.6: Analysis of water demand in the university campus

20. Annual Water Demand (Cubic Meters) Annual Rooftop Harvested Rainwater (Cubic Meters) 56,291.77 42,919.24 Table 4.7: Water demand and rainwater supply in the Campus The results indicated that about 76 percent of the annual water demand of the campus (56291.77 m³) can be fulfilled by the water harvested from the rooftops (42919.24 m³).

21. Objective-2 Assessment of rooftop solar power potential

22. Fig 4.9: Aspect of the digitized b uildings in the u niversity campus

23. Table 4.8: Rooftop solar potential of the University campus Rooftop Area (m²) Rooftop Area for PV Installation (m²) Rooftop Solar Power Potential (kW) Rooftop Solar Power (MWh) 38,318 20,261.47 2,026.14 2.0

24. Installed PV panels in the campus of the Capacity - 640kW Total roof area covered by the PV panels - 7000m² Electricity generated annually by the panels - 0.7 MWh If 7000m² area generated annual electricity = 0.7 MWh Then 20000m² area will generate = 0.7/7000 X 20000= 2.0 MWh electricity annually

25. CONCLUSION A total of 151 building rooftops were digitized in the campus which corresponded to a total area of 38,318m². The total rooftop rainwater harvesting potential of the campus was found to be 42,919.24 m³ which would be able to fulfil 76 percent of the annual water demand of the campus. The total south facing rooftop area in the campus was found to be 20,261.47 m² which corresponded to the total solar power potential of 2026.14kW.