Thrive with Physiotherapy: Unlocking the Secrets of Prevention, Health and Wellness

In physiotherapy, prevention, health, and wellness encompass a proactive approach aimed at avoiding injuries and promoting overall physical well-being. This involves the development and implementation of personalized strategies to enhance physical fitness, prevent injuries, and manage chronic conditions. Physiotherapists use a combination of exercise programs, ergonomic advice, posture correction, and lifestyle modifications to help individuals maintain optimal function and health. By focusing on education and proactive interventions, physiotherapy seeks to empower individuals to take charge of their health, reduce the risk of future issues, and improve their overall quality of life.

1. Prevention Ram krishnan wellness health

2. prevention Prevention is the action aimed at eradicating, eliminating and minimizing the impact of disease and disability

3. levels of prevention Primary prevention -Health promotion -Health protection Secondary prevention -Screening -Referral Tertiary prevention -Rehabilitation

4. Primary prevention Primary prevention refers to actions aimed at avoiding the manifestation of a disease

5. The function of protecting and developing health must rank even above that of restoring it when it is impaired. – Hippocrates Preventive health is sometimes an underexposed aspect of the healthcare system. Any program or intervention that can improve your current physical and emotional health will in the long run decrease the possibility of incurring an injury or illness. We live in communities where travel occurs by automobile, rather than on foot or by bicycle. We spend increasing hours at sedentary jobs operating computers or automated equipment. Our food is increasingly processed and preserved. Overall, this leaves Indian residents in poorer physical health. As well, our children are demonstrating shocking trends toward increasing levels of obesity and time spent at television and computer screens, rather than participating in healthy levels of physical activity. As a result, diseases of lifestyle such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension are also on the increase.

6. PRIMARY PREVENTION HEALTH PROTECTION:   T he Effort directed toward protection against specific diseases and care of individuals. AIMS & INTERVENTION: IMMUNIZATION – Helps to protect future generations by eradicating diseases. USE OF SPECIFIC NUTRIENTS -Vitamin A for children, Iron folic acid tablets for pregnant mothers PROTECTION AGAINST ACCIDENTS – Use of helmet, seatbelt, etc., OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS- Use of goggles in welding industries, mask in hospitals and polluted areas.

7. PRIMARY PREVENTION HEALTH PROMOTION:   T he process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health . AIMS & INTERVENTION: HEALTH EDUCATION – To improve health habit and health consciousness over the community. ENVIROMENTAL MODIFI CATION - Healthy physical environment (Housing, Water supply, excrete disposal) BEHAVIORAL AND LIFE STYLE CHANGES- Things like your sleeping habits, activity level and planning efforts. NUTRITIONAL or DIETARY CHANGES- Making healthy changes to your diet according to the need.

8. secondary prevention Action that halts the progress of disease at its incipient and prevent complications

9. SECONDARY PREVENTION Screening & providing proper treatment- For early detection of disease and to provide a better prognosis. Eg. , osteoporosis screening in post-menopausal women & provide proper treatment. Community prevention – It protects others in the community from acquiring the infection and thus provides at once secondary prevention for infected ones and primary prevention for potential contacts. BETTER PROGNOSIS Secondary prevention services take place after the onset of illness or injury, in the presence of pathology, and include screening and treatment of disease. It includes,

10. Tertiary prevention In  tertiary prevention , an existing, usually chronic disease is managed to prevent complications or further damage.

11. TERTIARY PREVENTION Examples include: cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs, chronic disease management programs (e.g. for diabetes, arthritis, depression, etc.) vocational rehabilitation programs to retrain workers for new jobs when they have recovered as much as possible. Tertiary prevention aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects. This is done by helping people manage long-term, often-complex health problems and injuries (e.g. chronic diseases, permanent impairments) to improve as much as possible their ability to function, their quality of life and their life expectancy. Intervention accomplished during this stage are Disability limitation and Rehabilitation .

12. DISABILITY LIMITATION HANDICAP It ’s a disadvantage for a person that limits or prevents him from functioning at normal rate for that person PREVENT OR HALT THE TRANSITION OF DISEASE FROM IMPAIRMENT TO HANDICAP

13. REHABILITATION   The combined and coordinated use of medical, social, educational, and vocational measures for training and retrainin g the individual to the highest possible level of functional ability. TYPES: Medical rehabilitation: (restoration of Bodily Function). Vocational rehabilitation: (restoration of the capacity to earn a livelihood) Social rehabilitation: (restoration of family and social relationship). Psychological rehabilitation : (Restoration of personal dignity and confidence) EXAMPLES: Establishing schools for the blind. Exercises in neurological disorders• Prosthetic restoration of lost tooth Reconstructive surgery in Leprosy. Change of profession for a more suitable one and modification of life in general in the case of TB,etc .,

14. WELLNESS WELLNESS IS ACT OF PRACTICING HEALTHY HABITS ON A DAILY BASIS TO ATTAIN BETTER HEALTH, SO INSTEAD SURVIVING, YOU’RE THRIVING. HEALTH IS A STATE OF COMPLETE PHYSICAL,MENTAL AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING AND NOT MERELY THE ABSENCE OF DISEASE OR INFIRMITY. HEALTH

15. DIMENSION OF WELLNESS WELLNESS is more than just physical health; it is holistic and multidimensional. THE NATIONAL WELLNESS INSTITUTE utilizes the Six dimensions of health model comprises that include physical, intellectual, emotional, environmental, social, and spiritual wellness. AIMS & INTERVENTION: Physical: Physical wellness increases physical fitness—by doing exercise to become physically fit Intellectual: Mental exercise and engagement through learning Emotional: A person with emotional wellness can deal with stressful situations Environmental: Awareness of the role we play in improving our natural environment Social: Social circles and support networks are invaluable to the overall well-being of a person Spiritual: The search for meaning and purpose of human existence

16. ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN PREVENTION, HEALTH AND WELLNESS P hysical therapists are experts in rehabilitation and habilitation , they play a key  role in promoting health and wellness   by encouraging active living, providing early diagnosis of disease, prescribing targeted activity interventions to improve fitness and participation, and helping individuals overcome personal and environmental barriers to lead an active lifestyle.

17. FUNCTION OF THE PHYSIOTHERAPIST: Identifying risk factors and interventions to reduce risk in individuals and communities. Preventing or slowing the progression of functional decline and disability and enhancing activity in those with a diagnosed condition. Screening: Identifying individuals or groups who would benefit from education, intervention, or referral to an appropriate health-care provider. Intervention: Providing interventions as identified from screening sessions. Consultation: Providing expertise and knowledge. Education: Providing information on prevention, health, wellness, and fitness topics Critical Inquiry: Obtaining, synthesizing, and utilizing current research; interpreting data; and/or participating in research. Administration: Planning, developing, and managing all aspects of a prevention or wellness project including budget, human resources, and space Five important physical behaviours physiotherapists tackle are P hysical activity , N utrition and weight management , S moking cessation , Sleep Management   S tress management

18. Physical Activity Recommendations : Preliminary Steps to Exercise: Inform your physician, other health-care provider, or primary caregiver that you are considering starting an exercise program If possible, participate in a graded exercise test to determine your current level of fitness. Find out the effects, if any, of your medication on exercise. If possible, consult a trained exercise professional for an individualized exercise prescription. Determine your goals and make sure they are S.M.A.R.T.**** S.M.A.R.T. goals are Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-Bound. Activity Pre - screening Questions Have you ever been diagnosed with a heart condition? Have you ever been advised that you should only do physical activity under the direction of a physician? Do you experience chest pain when you do physical activity? Have you experienced chest pain during this past month when not physically active? Have you been diagnosed with arthritis or osteoporosis, or have you experienced increased pain in your joints when physically active? Are you currently taking prescription drugs for blood pressure or a heart condition? Do you ever lose your balance or lose consciousness? Are you aware of any condition that would prohibit you from doing physical activity?

19. Physical Activity Recommendations : In order to achieve the most health benefits, the following are identified for each age group. Children and Adolescents Children and adolescents (aged 6 years and older) should participate in at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily.At least 3 days a week, the activity level should be vigorous Both bone and muscle strengthening activities should be included in daily activity at least 3 days per week. Activities should be both age-appropriate and fun. Adults Adults should participate in moderate-intensity physical activity for a minimum of 150 minutes or vigorous intensity for 75 minutes per week. Episodes of at least 10 minutes count toward daily total. Muscles strengthening activities should be included at least 2 days per week. ONE SIZE FITS ALL Remember this approach to physical activity does not work for all individuals STEPS TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT OF PROGRAMS Step 1: Identify the need Step 2: Set goals and objectives Step 3: Develop intervention Step 4: Implement the intervention Step 5: Evaluate the results

20. Physical Activity Recommendations : Adults With Disabilities Adults with disabilities should follow adult guidelines as able. Those unable to meet the guidelines should: Engage in regular physical activity according to their abilities and should avoid inactivity. Consult with their health-care provider for an individualized program that is appropriate for their abilities. Older Adults Older adults (65 years and older) should follow adult guidelines as able. Participate in moderate-intensity physical activity for a minimum of 150 minutes or vigorous intensity for 75 minutes per week. Include balance exercises to reduce the risk of falls. Episodes of at least 10 minutes count toward daily total. Muscle-strengthening activities should be included at least 2 days per week. 3-2-1 principle Use this principle when you are planning for fitness program 30 minutes of cardiovascular training 20 minutes of strength training 10 minutes of flexilibilty exercise

21. ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS: The exercise\or activity has to be specific to the goals of the individual. An individual training to run a marathon needs to run, not to ride bike. For children, the program should be fun and less structured For older adults, the program should start slowly to allow the participants to experience success. When making handouts, for children make them colourful and fun and for the older adults, make the print larger. Keep the language simple, limit the amount of medical terminology and write information as clearly as possible.

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