TIGER , ELEPHANT AND SEA TURTLE PROJECTS.pptx

Hey iam Zakir Hussain
Master in Environmental Science
This ppt is very easy to understood and

1. Course Title :- Biodiversity & its Conservation Topic :- Project Tiger; Project Elephant and Sea Turtle Project PRESENTED BY ZAKIR HUSSAIN 3 RD SEMESTER

2. TIGER PROJECT Project tiger is a conservation programme lunched in 1973 by government of India during prime minister Indra Gandhi tenure. Because extinction of Bengal tiger( Panthera tigris tigris ). The fund and commitment were mastered to support the intensive programme of habitat, projection and rehabilitation under the project. .

3. Project Tiger was first lunched at Corbett National park in Uttaranchal (Uttarkand 2007) in 1974. India were nine national park declared as the part of the project tiger. That were Manas , Bandipur , Ranthambore , Palamau , Simipal , C orbett, Kanha, Melghta, and Sundarbans. Tiger conservation as formulated by a special task force setup under wildlife conservation Act to address the problem amount of tiger population in the coutry. Though the initial push for the Action was constituted by the growing concern to protect the Royal Bengal tigers.

4. PROJECT TIGER: NTCA The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA ) ias a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change( MoEFCC ). It was established in 2005 to implement the Project Tiger and other tiger Conservation initiatives in the country. The NTCA is headed by a Director General , who is assisted by a Deputy Director General and other officers.

5. Objectives and Aim There are two types of objectives Primary objectives Secondary objectives Primary objectives :- Population Growth Habitat Preservation Reduce Poaching Mitigate human wildlife Conflict

6. 2) Secondary objectives Scientific Research: Conduct research to better understand tiger ecology, and the threads they face. Community Engagement: Promote Community based Conservation initiatives to inv0lves local communities in tiger protection. Capacity Building: Strengthen the capacity pf government agencies, conservation organizations, and local communities to implement effective tiger conservation measures. Public Awareness: raise public awareness about the improvement about the importance of tiger conservation and the threats they face.

7. Aim Establish protected areas: Create and expand tiger reserves and national parks . Anti-poaching efforts: Strengthen anti-poaching patrols and intelligences networks Habitat Restoration: Restore degraded habitat through reforestation, wetland restoration, and erosion control. Prey Base Protection: Protect and restore prey populations Conflict Mitigation: Implement strategies to reduce human wildlife conflicts.

8. Monitoring and Evaluation: Conduct regular monitoring and evaluation to assess the effectiveness of conservation efforts. International Cooperation: Foster international collaboration to combat illegal wildlife trade and protect tiger populations globally.

9. Challenges Poaching: Poaching is one of the major threats to the tiger population in India. The poachers kill tigers for their skin, bones, and other body parts, which are used in traditional Chinese medicine. Habitat Destruction: Habitat destruction is another major threat to the tiger population in India. The tigers are losing their habitat due to deforestation, mining, and other human activities.

10. Forest Fires: Forest fires are another major threat to the tiger population in India. The forest fires destroy the habitat of the tigers and other wildlife species. Forest Fragmentation: Forest fragmentation is another major threat to the tiger population in India. The fragmentation of forests leads to the loss of habitat for the tigers and other wildlife species as tiger requires a large area to survive. Resources:- Project Tiger: A Success Story in Conservation | Walk In The Wild

11. Project Tiger: Conservation Units There are 8 conservation units in India for the conservation of tigers administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA). These are: Shivalik-Terai Conservation Unit North-East Conservation Unit Sundarbans Conservation Unit Western Ghats Conservation Unit Eastern Ghat Conservation Unit Central India Conservation Unit Sarika Conservation Units (Rajasthan ) Kaziranga Conservation Unit(Assam)

12. Project Tiger: Core and Buffer Core Area Buffer Area Its protected area where no human activity is allowed. It’s a protected area where human activity is allowed. Its has legal status as national parks or wildlife sanctuaries Its has legal status as reserve forests It’s a natural habitat for tigers. It’s a buffer zone between the core area and the human settlements.

13. PROJECT ELEPHANTS Project Elephant was lunched in 1992 by Government the Ministry of Environment and Forest . Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal are the main states/UTs where the project is being implemented.

14. Protecting elephants. Conservation elephant habitats. Promoting elephant welfare Raising awareness. Aims

15. Objectives The main objectives outlined for Project Elephant are: To protect elephants and their habitats to enable viable populations To address issues of human-elephant conflict and local community welfare To undertake scientific studies on wild elephants To strengthen capacity of wildlife staff in elephant bearing areas To promote eco-tourism in elephant reserves

16. Threats Habitat Loss and Fragmentation: Deforestation. Human encroachment. Corridor destruction. Human elephant conflicts: Crop raiding Property damage Loss of life

17. Poaching and illegal wildlife trade: Ivory trade Body parts Climate Change: Habitat alteration Resources Scarcity Extreme weather events Mistreatment in captivity: Zoo and circus Tourism

18. Sea Turtle Project The sea turtle project began in November 1999 at the Indian institute of wildlife Dehradun(Uttarakhand), with the collaboration of UNDP (United Nations Development Program) and Central Ministry of Environment Forest And Climate Change. This project establishes guidelines for development activities in the area, with the goal of securing turtle breeding areas and protecting them from other types of disruption

19. Objectives and Aim Conservation and Protection: Habitat Preservation : Ensuring the protection and restoration of nesting beaches and migratory routes. Population Recovery : Increasing the size and genetic diversity of sea turtle populations. Threat Mitigation: Addressing issues such as accidental capture in fishing gear , habitat destruction, water pollution and climate change.

20. Research and education: Scientific study : conducting to be research to better understand sea turtle biology, ecology and behavior. Public Awareness : educating the public about the importance of sea turtle conservation and taking them in conservation.

21. Threat Sea turtles are protected in India under Schedule I Part II of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. Despite this legal protection, they face grave threats. Bycatch -  Every year, hundreds of thousands of sea turtles become entangled in fishing nets and die as a result. Overharvesting –  Because there is still a high demand for turtle egg soup, thousands of hatchlings are killed each year to feed the trade. Climate Change -  Sea turtles are extremely sensitive to even minor changes in water temperature, which has impacted the breeding cycle. Resources Sea Turtle Project - Environment Notes (prepp.in)

22. Conclusion(Tiger, Elephant and Sea Turtle) Projects Due to concerted efforts under Project Tiger, India now has the distinction of having the most tigers in the world, with 2,967 (SE range 2,603 to 3,346) as of 2018. The Asian elephant is threatened by habitat loss, conflict, and ivory poaching. These threats are more severe in India, which is home to more than half of the world’s. India's coastal seas are home to five of the seven sea turtle species. Olive Ridley is a common species among these. The east coast of India has the highest concentration of Olive Ridley turtles in the world .