Time Theory of Raag-s and Sandhi Prakash Ragas

Time theory of Ragas

1. Time Theory of Ragas (Sandhi-Prakash Ragas ) Course Presentation in Raga Gujri Todi  by  Arvind C. Bhujun  is licensed under  CC BY 4.0 

2. Time Theory of Ragas Definition:- « … traditional association of individual Ragas with particular hours of the day and night, and with particular seasons of the year. » Professor A. Mahajan Ragas in Hindustani Music – Conceptual Aspects

3. Criteria Determining Time of Rendering a Raga Group 1 Re and/or Dha Komal and Ga and Ni Shuddha ( Bhairav , Poorvi & Marwa ) Sandhi -Prakash {4am to 7am and 4pm to 7pm} Group 2 Re and Dha S huddha (Kalyan, Bilawal & Khamaj ) {7am to 10am and 7pm to 10pm} Group 3 Ga Komal ( Asavari , Todi , Kafi & Bhairavi ) {(10am to 1pm/1pm to 4pm) and (10pm to 1am/1am to 4am)} Group 4 Purvang Pradhan ( Noon to Midnight ) and Utarang Pradhan ( Midnight to Noon )

4. Sandhi – Junction or Agreement Prakash – Light Sandhi -Prakash – Meeting point of the two lights (Sunlight and Moonlight ) also called T wilight . Two categories of Sandhi -Prakash: Pratahkaaleen Sandhi -Prakash (Dawn) Saayankaaleen Sandhi -Prakash ( Dusk ) Sandhi - Prakash Raga

5. Pratahkaaleen Sandhi -Prakash Ragas which are performed at dawn ( Sunrise ). Re and/or Dha Komal and Ga and Ni Shuddha . Shuddha Ma very prominent in these Ragas. Raga Bhairav Raga Aheer Bhairav

6. Saayankaaleen Sandhi -Prakash Ragas which are performed at dusk (Sunset). Re and/or Dha Komal and Ga and Ni Shuddha . Tivra Ma very prominent in these Ragas. Raga Marwa Raga Puriya Dhanashree

7. Time Theory, Musician’s perspective Despite much controversy on its scientific validity , most Musicians support this theory . They believe that if a Raga is rendered outside its prescribed time it destroys the feeling of the Raga. Or even bring badluck to the performer.

8. Quotes “...just like the Sun rises from the infinite in the morning and is fresh and energetic, similarly, Sa is infinite. The R e of Bhairav rises from the infinite Sa and thus Bhairav is a morning Raga.” Pt . Nikhil Banerjee Ragas in Hindustani Music – Conceptual Aspect (Prof. A. Mahajan)

9. Quotes “… the time theory of the Ragas is really important for the Hindustani Music world, where not only the artistes but even the connoisseurs are conditioned accordingly.” Pt . Madhup Mudgal The Hindu, March 04, 2017

10. Quotes “…for example, Raga Bhairav and Raga Jogiya are set to devotional themes and these Ragas are played during the morning when one prays.” Pt . Ravi Shankar Ragas in Hindustani Music – Conceptual Aspect (Prof. A. Mahajan)