Tissue culture

Presentation made under "Emerging Food Technologies & Biotechnology" theme

1. TISSUE CULTURE Dasun Chanaka Suvimal AS2013733

2. About me I’m Dasun Chanaka and my home town is Galle.My school is Richmond College.I’m a simple man and believe “when nothing goes right go left”.I interest in applications of novel technologies and photography. “You can not stop the waves But you can learn to surf”

3. OVER VIEW Introduction Classification Critical requirements Plant tissue culture Animal cell culture How to apply food industry

4. Tissue culture has become one of the major tools used in life sciences today. Tissue culture is the general term for the removal of cells, tissues or organisms from an animal or plant and their subsequent placement into an artificial environment conductive to growth. INTRODUCTION

5. This is typically facilitaed via use of liquid,semi solid or solid growth medium such as broth or agar. It consist of nutrients,vitamins,sugars and hormones. Tissue culture products are clones which have same genotype unless affected by mutation during culture. In vitro and in vivo

6. In vitro Keep out side their normal biological context. Colloquially called as test tube experiments. Done in test tubes,flasks,petri dishes etc In vivo Living organisms of usually animals including plants as opposed to a partial or dead organism (within the glass)

7. Two types based on medium Plant tissue culture TISSUE SAMPLE SCRAPED FROM PARENT PLANT TISSUE SAMPLES PLACED IN MEDIUM SAMPLES DEVELOP PLANTLETS PLANTED IN TO COMPOST Animal tissue culture Cell culture/organ culture Classification

8. Both plant and animal has several requirments . Appropriate tissue. Suitable growth medium Aseptic conditions Growth regulators Frequent sub culturing Critical requirments

9. Where we make clones of plants from different techniques. This may offer certain advantages over traditional methods of propagation.They are, Production of exact copies of plants . Quickly produce mature plants Reduce risk of diseases Get “cleaned stock ” plants Plant tissue culture

10. Plant tissue culture relies on “totipotency”. Single cells, plant cells without protoplast, pieces of leaves, roots can be used to generate a new plant. Steps of culturing plant tissue Selection of plant tissue (ex plant) Then it should be sterilized. Establishment of ex plant in a culture medium. Each plant species has particular medium requirments that must be establised by

11. t rail and error. Multipication -explant gives callus which is manipulated by varying sugar concentration and auxin cytokinin ratio. The callus may be subdivided by number of times. Root formation Rooted shoots are potted up

12. Micropropagation Large scale of growth of plant cells rather than plants for advantageous characters. Crossing distantly related plants. Single cell culture are useful in genetic morphological studies. Rescue plants from attack by pathogens . Applications of plant tissue culture

13. Culture of whole organisms ,tissue fragments as well as dispersed cells on a nutrient medium. Two areas Organ culture Cell culture Animal tissue culture

14. Sterile work area Incubation facilities Microscopes Refigerator and freezer Facilities for counting cells Centrifugers Washing up equipments Bacic equipment and facilities

15. When the cells are removed from the organ fragments prior to or during cultivation,thus disrupting their normal relationships with neighbouring cells,it is called “cell culture”. How are cell cultures obtained? Two methods Explant culture and enzymatic dissociation Cell culture

16. Sub culturing New cell culture made by transferring from previous culture to fresh growth medium. Problems faced by cultured cells Avoiding contamination(chemical/biological) Find a “happy environment” Uses of cell culture Model systems,Toxicity testing,Cancer research,Virology,Cell based manufacturing,Gene therapy

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