TOEFL OVERVIEW tahun 2024 ppt free (kata ganti orang)

Toefl overview menjelaskan mengenai kata ganti subjek. She menjelaskan perempuan, he menjelaskan laki-laki, it untuk kata ganti benda dan hewan, we untuk kami dan They untuk mereka. Dijelaskan juga tentang kepemilikan

1.  Contoh SUBJECT:

 She Maria
 He Bill
 It a book, a cat
 I
 You
 We my sister and I
 They Maria and Bill, books, cats

2.  Contoh VERB:
 VERB 1 : go, eat, write, etc.
 VERB 2 : went, ate, wrote, etc.
 VERB 3 : gone, eaten, written, etc.
 VERB -ING : going, eating, writing, etc.
 HELPING VERB : do, does, did, have, has, had.
 BE:
is, am, are, was, were, be, been, being.
 MODAL AUXILIARIES:
can, could, will, would, shall, should, may,
might, must.

3. A CLAUSE adalah kumpulan kata di
mana di dalamnya terdapat 1 SUBJECT
dan 1 VERB.

A clause adalah bagian dari kalimat.

Dalam sebuah kalimat, minimal terdapat
1 clause di dalamnya.
“Maria saw Bill at the party last night.”
S V

4. Jika dalam sebuah kalimat terdapat lebih dari 1 clause,
maka kita membutuhkan connector.

Connector adalah kata yang menghubungkan 1 clause
dengan clause berikutnya.

Posisi connector bisa di awal kalimat atau di tengah
kalimat.
“After he finished his job, he went home.”
C S V , S V
“He went home after he finished his job.”
S V C S V

5. Connector ada 2 jenis: connector biasa dan connector
yang rangkap fungsi sebagai subject.

Connector biasa membutuhkan subject setelahnya.
“I know what you did last summer.”
S V C S V
Connector yang rangkap fungsi sebagai subject tidak
membutuhkan subject setelahnya.

“I know what happened last summer.”
S V C/S V

6. MACAM-MACAM CONNECTOR:

COORDINATE CONNECTOR:
AND, BUT, OR, SO, YET.

POLA:
SUBJECT + VERB, + CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB.

7. ADVERB CLAUSE CONNECTOR:
ADVERB OF TIME:
AFTER, AS, AS LONG AS, AS SOON AS, BEFORE,
BY THE TIME, ONCE, SINCE, UNTIL, WHEN,
WHENEVER, WHILE.

ADVERB OF CAUSE:
AS, BECAUSE, INASMUCH AS, NOW THAT, SINCE.

ADVERB OF CONDITION:
IF, IN CASE, PROVIDED, PROVIDING, UNLESS,
WHETHER.

8. ADVERB OF CONTRAST:
THOUGH, ALTHOUGH, EVENTHOUGH, WHILE,
WHEREAS.

ADVERB OF MANNER:
AS, IN THAT.

ADVERB OF PLACE:
WHERE, WHEREVER.

POLA:
SUBJECT + VERB + CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB.
CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB, SUBJECT + VERB.

9. NOUN CLAUSE CONNECTOR:
WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHY, HOW.
WHATEVER, WHENEVER.
WHETHER, IF.
THAT.

POLA:
SUBJECT + VERB + CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB.
CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB, VERB.

10. NOUN CLAUSE CONNECTOR/ SUBJECT:
WHO, WHOEVER.
WHAT, WHATEVER.
WHICH, WHICHEVER.

POLA:
SUBJECT + VERB + CONNECTOR + VERB.
CONNECTOR + VERB + VERB.

11. ADJECTIVE CLAUSE CONNECTOR:
WHOM, WHICH, THAT.

POLA:
SUBJECT + VERB + CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB.
SUBJECT + CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB + VERB.

12. ADJECTIVE CLAUSE CONNECTOR/
SUBJECT:
WHO, WHICH, THAT.

POLA:
SUBJECT + VERB + CONNECTOR + VERB.
SUBJECT + CONNECTOR + VERB + VERB.