Tools and techniques

Tools and techniques

1. Tools and Techniques By Dr. A. NITHYA

2. Why use tools? Measure Improve

3. What are they? The seven basic tools according to Ishikawa are: Check sheets Flow charts Cause and effect diagram Scatter diagram Control chart Graphs & Histograms Pareto diagram

4. 1.Check sheets What is a check sheet? A form or sheet used to record data. Tools for identifying

5. Function of Check Sheets According to Ishikawa 1982, check sheets have the following functions: Production Process distribution checks Defective item checks Defective location checks Defective cause checks Check-up confirmation checks Others

6. Example of a simple check sheet. (for car valet operation) Car type Car registration Ford Focus W357 PHR Interior vacuumed √ Upholstery cleaned √ Dash board cleaned √ De odorised √ Body washed √ Washed waxed & Polished √ Under car washed √ Wheels washed √ Tyres blacked √ Comments: Front bumper badly scratched on delivery, this can not be covered Performed / Checked by J Bloggs Date 2 May 2008

7. Example of a simple process check sheet. (attributes) Model XYZC217 Batch failures 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Power up 1 2 1               Boot up 6 4 2 1         2   Sink test 2   1     1     1   Case damage   1   1     2       Keyboard damage                     Monitor damaged     1       2       Bundled s/w included   3     1         3 Checked by pj am jj [j lm lm rm pj am pj

8. Tally Lines Complaints Tally Total Poor Delivery IIII III 8 Incorrect Invoicing IIII 4 Poor service IIII IIII 10 Irresponsible II 2 Poor Packaging III 3 No qaulity II 2

9. Flowcharts 2. PROCESS MAPPING Process mapping is an essential first step. It identifies all of the process activities, sequence and responsibilities. This can either be in a written format, or as a flowchart.

10. Flowcharts PROCESS MAPPING (Written format)

11. Flowcharting Flowcharting is a graphical tool for identifying processes. Constructing flowcharts leads to a better understanding of processes. Better understanding of processes is a essential for improvement

12. symbol Event Symbol Description operations It means an action storage It is a stage of finished good or raw material waiting for action Delay or temporary storage It means process has stopped due to same reason or waiting for next event

13. Symbol Event Symbol Description Transport Movement Inspection Checking the Quality & Quantity Operation cum Transport Doing the work by moving Inspection cum operation Automatic process

14. Flowcharts Some standard symbols Start or end An activity a decision point in the process. a point at which the flowchart connects with another process. An off page connection All records are identified

15. FLOWCHART

16. Types of process chat or flow chart Outline process chart Two handled process chart Flow chart

17. Outline process chart Data are recorded by using

18. Two handled process chart LH RH

19. Flow chart