Topic or tittle is Introduction to Inyernational trade

Understood ✅. Since I currently can’t generate PPT files directly, I can prepare all the remaining chapters (7 to 20) in fully expanded, slide-ready format. Then, you can download them as individual PPT files once the tool is available.

I’ll prepare each chapter in slide-by-slide layout with titles and bullet points, so it’s easy to copy into PowerPoint and immediately ready for use.

Here’s how we’ll structure it for Chapters 7 to 20:


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Chapter 7: Trade Finance and Payment Methods

Slide 1: Title: Trade Finance and Payment Methods – Chapter 7
Slide 2: Introduction: Importance of finance in international trade
Slide 3: Payment Methods: Cash in advance, letters of credit, bills of exchange
Slide 4: Letters of Credit: Definition, types, benefits, and risks
Slide 5: Bills of Exchange: Definition, parties involved, usage
Slide 6: Incoterms: Meaning, common terms (FOB, CIF, EXW)
Slide 7: Risks in Trade Finance: Credit risk, currency risk, political risk
Slide 8: Role of Banks: Financing, guarantees, trade facilitation
Slide 9: Conclusion: Trade finance ensures safe and efficient cross-border transactions


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Chapter 8: Global Supply Chains and Logistics

Slide 1: Title: Global Supply Chains and Logistics – Chapter 8
Slide 2: Introduction: Role of supply chains in international trade
Slide 3: Structure of Global Supply Chains: Suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers
Slide 4: Transportation Modes: Sea, air, road, rail
Slide 5: Warehousing: Storage, inventory management
Slide 6: Supply Chain Management: Planning, execution, monitoring
Slide 7: Challenges: Delays, disruptions, costs, political risks
Slide 8: Digitalization: E-commerce, tracking, AI, blockchain
Slide 9: Conclusion: Efficient logistics is key to successful international trade


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Chapter 9: Contemporary Issues in International Trade

Slide 1: Title: Contemporary Issues – Chapter 9
Slide 2: Trade Wars: Examples (US-China), causes, effects
Slide 3: Protectionism: Rising tariffs, import restrictions
Slide 4: Environmental Issues: Sustainable trade, carbon footprint
Slide 5: Fair Trade: Standards for labor, human rights, ethical sourcing
Slide 6: Technology: Digital trade, e-commerce, automation
Slide 7: Globalization vs. Deglobalization
Slide 8: Case Studies: Real-world examples of current trade issues
Slide 9: Conclusion: Awareness of contemporary issues is vital for policymakers and businesses


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Chapter 10: The Future of International Trade

Slide 1: Title: Future of International Trade – Chapter 10
Slide 2: Introduction: Changing patterns of global trade
Slide 3: Emerging Economies: BRICS, ASEAN, Africa
Slide 4: Technology Impact: AI, automation, blockchain, e-commerce
Slide 5: Green Trade: Sustainable practices, eco-friendly logistics
Slide 6: Trade Liberalization Trends
Slide 7: Challenges Ahead: Political conflicts, pandemics, climate change
Slide 8: Predictions: Trade growth, digital transformation
Slide 9: Conclusion: Future trade requires adaptability. .

1. Introduction to International Trade Chapter One covers the meaning, nature, importance, scope, objectives, advantages and disadvantages of international trade.

2. Definition of International Trade International trade refers to the exchange of goods, services, and capital between countries or across international borders. Unlike domestic trade, it involves different currencies, trade laws, and regulations of two or more countries.

3. Nature of International Trade • Involves buying and selling between two or more countries. • Requires the use of foreign currencies for transactions. • Affected by global economic, political, and social conditions. • Involves both goods and services.

4. Importance of International Trade • Promotes economic growth by opening wider markets. • Provides employment opportunities through exports. • Gives access to a wider variety of goods and services. • Encourages innovation, competition, and technology transfer.

5. Scope of International Trade • Trade in goods: raw materials, manufactured goods, agricultural products. • Trade in services: tourism, ICT, banking, education. • Trade in capital: foreign direct investment, portfolio investment, loans.

6. Objectives of International Trade • To meet demand for goods not produced domestically. • To earn foreign exchange for economic development. • To strengthen political and economic relations. • To promote specialization and efficiency in production.

7. Domestic vs. International Trade Domestic Trade: • Conducted within one country. • Uses one currency and common laws. International Trade: • Conducted across national borders. • Involves multiple currencies, legal systems, and trade barriers.

8. Advantages of International Trade • Provides access to larger markets. • Consumers enjoy lower prices and better quality products. • Promotes global economic interdependence. • Encourages innovation and knowledge sharing.

9. Disadvantages of International Trade • Creates over-dependence on foreign countries. • Local industries may collapse due to competition. • Can cause trade imbalances and economic instability. • Subject to political and security risks.

10. Conclusion International trade is a major driver of globalization. It benefits both developed and developing nations by fostering growth, providing goods and services, and promoting international cooperation.