Topic pale catechu basant

PHARMACOGNOSY

1. TOPIC -PALE CATECHU PHARMACOGNOSY=III Prepared By- Basant Kumar B.Pharma – IIIrd year Dr. K.N.M.I.P.E.R

2. Tannins: A  tannin  is an  astringent ,  polyphenolic   biomolecule   that binds to proteins and precipitates   proteins  and various other organic compounds including  amino acids and   alkaloids . Tannins occur normally in the roots,  wood , bark, leaves, and  fruit  of many plants, particularly in the bark of oak species and in sumac and myrobalan . They also occur in galls, pathological growths resulting from insect attacks.

3. Pale catechu Synonyms : Pale catechu,Hin - kattha,Beng - Khayer,guj - Katho , acacia catechu. Biological source : Pale catechu consists of the dried aqueous extract prepared from the leaves and shoots of Uncaria gambier Hunt. Belonging to the family - Rubiaceae .

4. Geographical source: The plant is indigenous to Malaya and cultivated in Indonesia, Malaya and Borneo. Macroscopical characters : Color: dull grayish brown to dark reddish brown externally and pale brown internally. Odour : Odourless . Taste: Bitter to start with, turns sweet and finally astringent. Shape: Smaller cubes. Surface: Dull.

5. Chemical Constituents : a) It contains tannins like catechins , catechutannic acid, B) It is also contains flavonoids like quercetin and a fluorescent substances- gambir fluorescein C) Catechu red, pyrogallol , fixed oil and wax, etc Are Other Chemical Constituents Of Pale catechu.

6. Identification Test 1. Gambir-Fluorescin test: A mixture of alcoholic extract, sodium hydroxide solution and petroleum ether is shaken and kept for few minute. The petroleum ether layer show green fluoresces. 2. Match stick test (Catechins test): A match stick is dipped in aqueous plant extract, dried near burner and moistened with concentrated hydrochloric acid. On warming near flame, the matchstick wood turns pink or red due to formation of phloroglucinol .

7. Uses: It Is Used As Astringent: It is used in relaxed conditions of throat, mouth and gums. It is used in lies in dyeing and tanning industry. It is also used in diarrhea and in preparation of lozenges.

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