Topography of Pakistan ppt [Auto-saved].pptx

What are the Northern and Southern Mountains of Pakistan make up the natural Topography of Pakistan

1. Topography of Pakistan Ms. Abida Sindhu

2. Importance of Pakistan’s location Natural geographic features include land-forms (bodies of water and terrain types) and ecosystems (natural units composed of biotic factors).   Abstract  geographic features are the cartographic features and politically designated areas while  artificial  geographic features include, engineered constructs (highways, dams, and bridges) and settlements.

3. Geographically, Pakistan has a very ideal location on the world map, and due to this Pakistan is a very important country and is also called the  Gateway to  Central Asia .  The strategic location of Pakistan is significant for trade and also it provides a very ideal way for C hina and provides a connection between many other countries in the world as it connects China and also many other  Muslim  countries like Iran, Afghanistan,  Turkmenistan , Kamani, Uzbekistanistan , etc. Another significant thing about Pakistan is that in the whole Islamic world, Pakistan is the only nuclear power. Due to this Pakistan is very famous and has a very strong position in the Muslim world.

4. Stephen Cohen about Pakistan While history has been unkind to Pakistan, its geography has been its greatest benefit. It has a resource-rich area in the northwest, people rich in the northeast”

5. Northern Mountains The Karakoram rang e Karakoram means black gravel (mass of rock and ice) They are located to the north of the river Indus and stretched from Hunza to shayook The Ranges run east to west direction Its average height is 6000 m The highest peak of Karakoram range is K2

6. There are three rivers that provide drainage to this area river Hunza , river Gilgit and river Karakoram Some glaciers present in Karakoram are Baifo , Baltoro n Batura Valleys present in this area are karaoram and Hunza

7. The Himalayas The average height is about 4000 meter These ranges are located to the south of Karakoram range they run east to west. They comprise the following parallel ranges. The central Himalayas. Lesser Himalayas. SIWELIKS.

8. Central Himalayas One they are located in the south-east of the river Indus which separates it from Karakoram range. They mostly lie in Kashmir with an average height of more than 4600 m. Due to great altitude, some glaciers are found here. Lakes present here are Saiful Mallouk in KAGHAN. Satpara lake near Skardu GB Nanga Parbat is the Highest peak of the area Valleys present here are Naran , Kaghan & Hunza Main sources of drainage here is the river Indus.

9. Lesser Himalayas They are located to the north of Siwaliks. Their altitude varies from 1800 to 4500 m. These ranges have been folded and faulted. These ranges spread over Rawalpindi, Abbotabad , and Mansehra district. There are many Hill station like Murree, Nathia Gali and Ghora Gali

10. Siwaliks Average height is about 600 to 1200 m. These are most southern ranges. The Rangers cover the rubble from the hills.

11. The Hindu Kush They are located to the west of Karakoram and Himalayas mountains of north west of Pakistan. Their average height is about 5000 m. These ranges guard the north and north-western borders of Pakistan. Main body of the mountains lie in Afghanistan where it acts as nest of earthquakes. Barren mountains, steep slopes and fast flowing rivers are typical features of the area. These ranges occupy the chitral district and northern areas of Pakistan

12. Name of the highest peak is Trich Mir 7690m and Noshaq 7484m. The river that provide drainage in this area are River Kabul and Mastuj . Valleys present in Hindu Kush are Chitral, Dir and Swat. Barogil Pass: Link to Afghanistan through wakhan strip Shandur Pass: Chitral to Gilgit Babusar Pass: Kaghan to Chillas Lowari Pass: Peshawar to Chitral

13. Relief Features of Northern/NW Mountains Gorges , Deep Narrow Valleys, rugged terrain Bare, Steep, Snow capped peaks Snow fields and Glaciers Waterfalls, rapids, streams Erosion Process ; Abrasion and Plucking Passes are only open during summer Inland Basins ( saif ul malook )

14. Lifestyle/Economy of Northern Mountains Nomadic/ semi nomadic Terraced farming , contour ploughing Apples , Barley and Millet are the main products Livestock : Hen , Sheep, Goat Cottage industry Small scale activities (apricot drying ,fruit farming) Trade activity

15. Importance of Northern Mountains Snow capped peaks drain water in rivers Indus and its tributaries Historical passes Natural Borders Source of Timber, Minerals and Fruits Scenic beauty Source of raw material Protection against cold winds from central Asia

16. https:// www.youtube.com / watch?v = GuUIeTbix -E

17. Western Mountains

18. Safed Koh They are located to the south of Kabul. These have east west trend. Their average height is 4700 m. They are mostly snow-covered thus called White Mountains. Rugged topography, steep slopes Peshawar and Kohat valleys are located in these mountains Khyber pass Kabul and Swat rivers Canals from Warsak dam

19. WAZIRISTAN HILLS Located between Gomal and Kurram rivers Height is about 3500m Rich in minerals Less snow and more green mountains and valleys Bannu Valley is located here

20. SULAIMAN RANGE Located towards the west of River Indus Average height is 1500m They have limestone, sand stone and shale rocks Highest peak is Takht e Sulaiman Bolan pass connects Quetta with Sibbi

21. KIRTHAR RANGE Located below Wazirastan Hills between Balochistan and Sindh Avg. height is 2000m Hub and lowari rivers Bolan Pass

22. LIFESTYLE OF WESTERN MOUNTAINS Nomadic and Semi Nomadic Terrace farming Barani farming Livestock farming Limestone, gypsum and marble mining Large scale farming in Peshawar due to Kabul river Wheat , Sugarcane, Tobacco are main crops Cottage industry Lasbella region developed for cotton growing