Traditional storage structures

Concept, principles and types of Traditional Storage Structure

1. Presented By: Maga Ram Patel Department of Processing and Food Engineering College of Technology and Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur Presentation on “ Traditional Storage Structures ”

2. What do you mean by storage Storage is an interim and a repeated phase during transit to agricultural products from processor to consumer. Agriculture products need to be stored from one harvest to next thus, demanding additional carry over as safeguard against a following crop of low yield or poor quality. against speculation in price and market demand. against shortage and families.

3. Two methods of grain storage Bag storage Loose in bulk storage Bag storage Bulk storage Flexibility of storage Inflexible storage Slow handling Rapid handling Low capital cost High capital cost High operating cost Low operating cost High rodent loss potential Low rodent loss potential Considerable spillage Little spillage Bag and bulk storages

4. The choice of storage method based on the local factors: Type of grain Duration of storage Value of grain Climate Transport system Cost and availability of labour Cost and availability of bags Incidents of rodents and certain types of insects

5. Traditional Storage Structures In this types of storage structures the grain is generally stored in bulk. This types of storage structures having generally capacities between 1 to 50 tonnes . The storage of grain is generally done in one of the following storage structures in the different rural and urban regions of India in bulk as well as in bag storage.

6. Morai type Bukhari type Kothar type Mud Kothi type Muda type Kanaj type Kuthla type Metal/ Steel bin type Bag type

7. Morai type storage structure These structures are very similar to the shape of an inverted cone.  Used for the storage of paddy, maize and sorghum ( jowar ) in the rural areas of eastern and southern regions of India. Capacity:- 3.5 to 18 tonnes .  They are placed on a raised platform supported on wooden or masonry pillars.

8. Bukhari type storage structure Bukhari type storage structures are cylindrical in shape. Used for storage of sorghum, wheat, paddy, maize etc. Capacity:- 3.5 to 18 tonnes . Made of mud or combination of mud and split bamboo. Raised above the ground by wooden or masonry platform.

9. Kothar type storage structure The storage structure is box like made of wood and raised on pillars. Used to store paddy, maize, sorghum, wheat etc. Capacity:- 9 to 35 tonnes . Both the floor and walls are made of wooden planks.  

10. Mud Kothi (Mud bin) type storage structure These Kothies are generally rectangular in shape but cylindrical Kothi is also common in some region. These storage structures are quite common in rural areas for storage of grains and other seeds. Capacity:- 1 to 50 tonnes . These are made from mud mixed with dung and straw.

11. Kanaj type of  Storage Structure These storage structures are very common in the rural areas of Karnataka and Maharashtra for storage of grains. The capacity of Kanaj varies between 1 to 20 tonnes . It is being made by bamboo splits. The shape of storage structure is cylindrical. The walls of storage structure are sealed with mud plaster on both sides. The roof of the structure is conical and thatched. The roof overhang on all sides.

12. Kuthla type of storage Structure These storage structures are very much common in rural areas of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. These structures are kept inside and made of burnt mud.

13. Muda type of storage Structure These are in use for storing grains in the rural areas of Bihar. The capacity of muda varies between 1 to 3 tonnes . It is being made of " Narai " ropes. The shape of muda is cylindrical and being made in various sizes.

14. Metal Bin type of storage Structure Bins made of steel, Aluminum, R.C.C are used for storage of grains inside and outside the house. These bins are fire and moisture proof. The bins have long durability and produced on commercial scale. The capacity ranges from 50 kg to 10 tonnes .

15. Bag Storage Structure Grain packed in Jute bags stacked in ware houses. Most popular storage system in India (followed by FCI, CWC, State ware housing corporations. These structures are generally used for the storage of 25 to 500 tonnes of grain.

16. Continued….. Bags of different capacities (35, 50, 75 and 100 kg) with or without inside plastic lining are used. The standard size of a 100 kg bag is 100 cm x 60 cm x 30 cm. This bag can store 93 Kg of Wheat and 75 Kg of Paddy.

17. “What we earn is not important but what we save is important. Save Energy and Save Earth for your future generations” Looking forward for your feed back soon M:- 9672824488, E-mail:- [email protected] Thanks for Your Nice Attention