Trends and issues in mental health nursing

current trends and issues of mental health nursing

1. TRENDS & ISSUES IN MENTAL HEALTH NURSING BY- PREETI SHARMA MSC. NURSING 1 ST YR . HITKARINI NSG. COLLEGE

2. INTRODUCTION Health survey committee report in 1946 Based on committee recommendation certificate course in psychiatric nursing was started in 1956 at NIMHANS. In 1964, Mudaliar committee made recommended In 1965, INC included psychiatric nursing in B.Sc. Nursing & in 1975 in M.sc. Nursing

3. DEFINITION OF TRENDS “ Trends is a general direction in which something is developing or changing”.

4. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT human behavior during the later part of the 19 th century, it led to a change towards the mentally ill patients. Subsequently, in the third decade of the 20 th century introduction of the physical form of treatment followed. By the forth decade pharmacology for the mentally ill was introduced. So, the mentally ill started getting better care.

5. Trends of psychiatry in india abnormal behavior was believed to be of the ‘devil’ i.e. ‘Against God’, ‘Mentally ill’ were considered evil & described as witches. mentally ill were considered socially unacceptable & put in jails also with other criminals.

6. CONT… In the modern era, there was shifted from ‘evil’ to ill. Mentally ill were called as ‘mad’ or ‘insane’ and were placed in special places called as ‘ASYLUMS’. In 20 th century, the work of Feud and ‘B.F. Skinner & J.B. Watson’ gave a scientific combination of biological & social theories to explain the etiology of mental illness.

7. TRENDS IN INDIA DURING BRITISH ERA Indian lunacy act based on British legislation. Indian psychiatry runs parallel to British psychiatry. Creation of Asylums to keep the dangerous lunatics. Death of lunatics as the severest punishment for insanity

8. CONT… U.K. psychiatrists studied the cultural taboos in India about intoxicating substances and showed great interest in the addition. The first Indian psychiatrists to be recognized by the royal college of psychiatrists are Professor Narendra Wig.

9. TRENDS IN INDEPENDENT INDIA Continued to care the mentally sick in asylums Increased the number of mental institutions Mental health development was the Bhore committee report, 1946 Increased the service capacity of individual institutions

10. CONT… In 1960s, institute of mental health, Chennai started providing specialized services Day hospital in 1960s Integrating mental health with general health Issues of stigma and loss of contact with the family were easily obviated Occupational therapy and recreational facilities were introduced.

11. CONT… Patients began to receive a wage, which helped them to prepare for a life outside the hospital. Family interventions concept was introduced by Dr. Vidyasagar at the Amritsar mental hospital. Mental hospital started catering to the physical illness in patients. Radiology, laboratory, dental, dermatology and EEG services were set in.

12. CONT… In 1942- 1960 research focus was on mental health problems in community. On 1954, government of India established the all India institute of mental health in Bangalore. Indian nursing council integrated mental health nursing into the nursing curriculum in 1960s.

13. CURRENT TRENDS IN HEALTH CARE Increased mental health problems Provision for quality and comprehensive services Providing continuity of care & cost effective care Care is provided in alternative settings Legal aspect in psychiatric nursing

14. Cont… 6. Changing demographics 7. Based on Quality rather than quantity 8. changes in pharmacology 9. Deinstitutionalisation

15. HEALTH CARE ISSUES ECONOMIC ISSUES Caused by unemployed person they have more income than ever

16. 2. Social issues Issues of stigma associated with mental illness

17. 3. PROFESSIONAL ISSUES role of psychiatric nursing is blur Providing care were educated in the era.

18. 4. CLINICAL ISSUES Argue that they are overused or inappropriate monitored. PSYCHIATRIC MEDICATION

19. CONT… Violence against nurses & other mental health practitioners VIOLENCE

20. CONT… Treat the child without their consent ETHICAL ISSUES

21. 5. RESTRAINTS ISSUE used to restrain the extremities of an individual whose behavior is out of control

22. 5. EDUCATIONAL ISSUES Advance technologies require advance education