Turkish architecture

2013- 2015 OUR COMMON EUROPEAN ROOTS MEETINGS AND TOPICS
4th project meeting - 28th September – 3rd October 2014 at Liceo Classico Dante Alighieri,
Ravenna, Italy
Topic : “Historical heritage: the remains of the past”.

1. TURKISH ARCHITECTURE

2. In their homeland in Central Asia, Turks lived in dome-like tents appropriate to their natural surroundings, and they were nomads. These tents later influenced Turkish architecture and ornamental arts.

3. At the time when the Seljuk Turks first came to Iran, they encountered an architecture based on old traditions. Integrating this with elements from their own traditions, the Seljuks produced new types of structures. The most important type of structure they formulated was the" medrese "( Muslim  theological schools) .

4. This is an e xample of a «MEDRESE»

5. Another area in which the   Seljuks   contributed to architecture is that of tomb monuments .

6. The Ribati - Serif a nd The Ribati Anasirvan a re e xamples o f s urviving 12th century   Seljuk   Caravanserais , where travelers would stop over for the night .

7. In Seljuk   buildings , brick was generally used , while the inner and outer walls were decorated in a material made by mixing marble , powder , lime and plaster.

8. Turkish architecture reached its peak during the Ottoman period. Ottoman architecture, influenced by Seljuk , Byzantine and Arab architecture, came to develop a style all of its own.

9. With the establishment of the Ottoman empire , the years 1300–1453 constitute the early or first Ottoman period , when Ottoman art was in search of new ideas . This period witnessed three types of mosques : tiered , single-domed and subline-angled mosques .

10. A single – domed mosque

11. A tiered mosque

12. A mosque

13. I nside of a mosque

14. The buildings constructed in  Istanbul   between the   capture of the city   and the construction of the   mosque  of Sultan Bayezit are also considered as the works of the early period . Among these are the   mosques of Fatih (1470), the   mosque  of Mahmutpasa and   Topkapi Palace .

15. The Topkapı Palace

16. Mahmutpaşa Mosque

17. Selimiye Mosque in Edirne by Mimar Sinan

18. The Yeni (New) Mosque in İ stanbul

19. The Ottomans integrated mosques into the community and added soup kitchens , theological schools , hospitals ,  Turkish baths   and tombs .

20. A Turkish bath (Türk Hamamı)

21. A Turkish bath (Türk Hamamı)

22. The master architect of the classical period ,  Mimar Sinan , was born in 1492 in  Kayseri   and died in  Istanbul  in the year 1588 .  Sinan   started a new era in the world architecture , creating 334 buildings in various cities . His style was to have a considerable influence on future epochs .

23. Mimar Sinan 's first important work was the Sehzade   Mosque   in İstanbul completed in 1548.

24. His second significant work was the   Süleymaniye Mosque   and surrounding complex , built for   Kanuni Sultan Süleyman .

25. Mimar Sinan’s third masterpiece , The Selimiye  mosque ,    was built in  Edirne during the years 1568-74, when  Sinan  was in his prime as an architect . The mosque, together with its  complex , was included on UNESCO's World Heritage List in 2011 .

26. AYNALIKAVAK PALACE ( İSTANBUL)

27. The Aksaray Valide  mosque  in  Istanbul  is an example of the mixture of Turkish  art  and Gothic style .

28.  Laleli Çukurçeşme Inn ( Baroque Period )

29. Kapalı Çarşı ‘’ The Grand Bazaar ’’ , İstanbul Nuruosmaniye

30. The  Gazi  Institute of  Education   by architect Kemalettin; example of the Turkish Republic era .

31. During this period , Sedat Hakki Eldem built the   Istanbul   Science-Literature Faculty and Emin Onat designed   Atatürk's Mausoleum in  Ankara.

32. Anıtkabir ( Our Great Leader ATATÜRK’s Mausoleum in Ankara )

33. Anıtkabir ( Our Great Leader ATATÜRK’s Mausoleum in Ankara )

34. Sedat Hakki Eldem built the   Istanbul   Science-Literature Faculty , 1933

35. Turkish art refers to all works of visual art originating from the geographical area of what is present day Turkey since the arrival of the Turks in the Middle Ages. Turkey also was the home of much significant art produced by earlier cultures, including the Hittites, Ancient Greeks, and Byzantines . Turkish Art

36. The 16th and 17th centuries are generally recognised as the finest period for art in the Ottoman Empire, much of it associated with the huge Imperial court. Apart from Ottoman architecture and Ottoman illumination of manuscripts the most important media were in the applied or decorative arts rather than figurative work. Pottery, especially İznik pottery,

37. İznik pottery

38. hardstone carvings, Turkish carpets and textiles were all produced to extremely high standards.

39. Turkish w ood carving art

40. Other Turkish art ranges from traditional Ebru ( The art of marbling on paper, or ' ebru ' in Turkish, is a traditional decorative form employing special methods ) to Western style paintings .

41. Ebru

42. T urkish Miniature P ainting

43. It was only in the 19th century that a Turkish painting movement in the Western sense occurred, with the founding by Osman Hamdi Bey of the Academy of Fine Arts (now the Mimar Sinan University .  School of Fine Arts). The  Sultans began to bring foreign painters, mostly Italian or French, to live as court painters, and Turkish painters were sent abroad to learn from European masters. Among the best known of the early Ottoman painters are Osman Hamdi Bey , Seker Ahmet Pasha, Hoca Ali Riza , Sevket Dag , Ahmet Ziya and Halil Pasha. Turkish Artists

44. Şeker Ahmet Paşa- Narlar Ve Ayvalar

45. Osman Hamdi Bey

46. Fikret Mualla

47. Bedri Baykam

48. Abidin Dino

49. Turkısh Sculptors OSKAN EFENDİ

50. HADİ BARA

51. ZÜHTÜ MİRİDOĞLU

52. SADRİ ÇALIK ATATÜRK relief on a mountain by Harun Atalayman (İZMİR)