Types of broiler houses

So many different types of broiler sheds in the world. this presentation has common broiler houses.

Why housing is important?

Success of broiler farming Proper management

Assuring right type of poultry house suited to climate or more specifically physical environment,
- Optimum production
- Control of diseases
Objectives of Housing

Provide comfort for the birds.
Provide protection from extreme weather conditions and predators.
Facilitate convenient management.
To provide suitable environment conditions.

1. Types of B roiler H ouses

2. Why housing is important? Success of broiler farming Proper management Assuring right type of poultry house suited to climate or more specifically physical environment , - Optimum production - Control of diseases Proper Housing

3. Objectives of Housing Provide comfort for the birds. Provide protection from extreme weather conditions and predators. Facilitate convenient management. To provide suitable environment conditions.

4. Factors to consider: Topography of land : Levelled without abrupt slopes. Soil type : Well drained sandy soils ( porous) Readily absorb moisture of the droppings Prevent stagnation of water in the surroundings Environmental conditions Protection from winds : wind breaks Economic feasibility Location feasible for transportation

5. Broiler management systems

6. Major house types According to the ventilation systems, Natural : Open sided house Power : Controlled environment house

7. Open-sided housing

8. Direction : east west direction (long axis) Width : not > 20 – 25 ft Height : roof line should be 6 -7 ft and at the center 10 -12 ft Length : at any extent Foundation : good foundation Floor : concrete floor with rat guard floor space generally 1sq.ft per one bird or 1sq. metre for 10 birds Doors : must be open outside in deep-litter system Side wall : 1-1.5 ft height, protects the bird provides ventilation The remaining part is covered with a wire mesh or with side curtains. Roof : Different types of roofs are Shed, Gable, half-monitor, full-monitor (Monitor), Flat concrete

9. Controlled environment housing Entire house is close. No provision of light & ventilation. Controlled environmental factors : Air temperature, Relative humidity, Air velocity, Dust, Light, Ammonia build up, Odours, Space Maximize bird comfort, health and efficiency of feed utilization. Initial cost and maintenance costs are high.

10. Cage system Brooder cage/ Chick cage Arranged either as single deck or double deck system Feeders and waterers are arranged on outside. Newspaper may be spread over the cage floor for first 7 or 10 days. Feed is usually provided inside the cage during the first week of age. No. of chicks recommended per box – 60 Grower cage No.of growers accommodated - 10

11. Advantages : Minimum floor space is required Better feed efficiency Greater no. of birds reared per unit area Protection from internal parasites and soil born illnesses. Facilitates correct maintenance of records Helps in identifying poor producers and prompt culling. Disadvantages: High initial cost Difficulties in assuring proper ventilation to birds Problematic in handling manure. Health problems- leg problems, breast blister, fatty liver syndromes

12. Litter system Deep litter system is used in broiler farming. Arrangement for feed, water are made inside the house. Protect broilers from damage and provide a dry warm covering to the floor Adequate quantities (5 cm) of a good quality litter material Litter is removed with the flock. Litter materials : Groundnut hulls , Paddy husks, sawdust , wood-shavings, chopped straw, sugarcane bagasse and even sand Litter material selection, Availability Suitability cost

13. Advantages : Welfare of birds is maintained to some extent. Economical Deep litter manure is a useful fertilizer. Lesser nuisance from flies when compared to cage system. Increase the efficiency of production. Comfortable to birds Disadvantages : Bacterial and parasitic disease may be a problem Respiratory problems may emerge due to dust from the litter

14. House types based on floor design Slatted floor / Slotted floor Floors designed with slats (iron rods or wood reapers) Usually 2-3 feet above the ground level Facilitate fall of droppings through slats Advantages: Disadvantages: Less space per bird is required Higher initial cost Bedding is eliminated Spilt feed is lost through the slots Manure handling is reduced Less flexibility in the use of building Increased sanitation Saving labour

15. House types based on floor design Solid floor Constructed with numerous materials like clay, plank, concrete , cork brick, creosoted wooden blocks, cinders or their various combinations. Should be dry, easily cleaned, rat proof and durable. Floor is generally covered with a suitable litter

16. General facts Proper ventilation: regulate temperature remove obnoxious gases like CO 2 and ammonia. Temperature : around 35 c Temperature> 35 c cause heat stress. Air movement : less than 9.2m per minute. Sanitation Before introduction of fresh batch, completely remove old litter and then disinfect. In severe disease problem, completely depopulate the house, spray approved chemicals, remove all caked and wet litter, clean and sanitize all equipments and dry.

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