TYPES OF HARDWARE GRADE GENERAL (1).pptx

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1. TYPES OF HARDWARE

2. Memory of Computer A memory is just like a human brain . It is used to store data and instructions. Computer memory is the storage space in the computer. Primary Memory / Internal Memory. Secondary memory / External Memory

3. Main (Primary Memory )

4. Computer performance CPU Speed : A CPU with a clock speed determines how quickly the central processing unit (CPU) can retrieve and interpret instructions.  It is either measured in either Megahertz (MHz) or Gigahertz (GHz) Memory Size : The  memory capacity  is the amount of data a device can store at any given time in its memory. Number of Application : To improve the performance of your computer is to limit the amount of application.

5. Storage Devices ( Secondary memory Devices) Floppy Disk Compact Disk (CDs) Hard Disks DVDs Pen Drive/ Flash Memory Blu-Ray Disc

6. Primary Storage Secondary Storage Memory is directly connected to a CPU Not directly connect to a CPU Memory is volatile (RAM) Non- volatile Direct access by CPU Indirect access by CPU Faster data access Slower data access Small size Large size

7. Keyboard - Keyboard is one of the most important input device used to input data and instructions into a computer. what are the different types of input devices ?

8. Mouse - The mouse is another popular input device used with modern computer. It is basically a pointing device used to open or execute program , drag and drop , select and scroll

9. There are three types of Mouse . Mechanical Mouse. Optomechanical mouse. Optical Mouse. what are the different types of mouse ?

10. This type of mouse has a metal or rubber ball on its lower side that can roll in all directions. Mechanical Mouse

11. Optomechanical Mouse Similar to Mechanical Mouse. Only difference it uses sensors to detect the movement of the ball.

12. Optical Mouse It doesn't have any mechanical moving parts. The laser technology is used to detect . It is expensive.

13. What is a Stylus? A stylus (or stylus pen) is a small pen-shaped instrument that is used to input commands to a computer screen, mobile device and tablet.

14. What is a Scanner ? Scanner is an input device which can capture images from physical items and convert them into digital formats.

15. What are the different types of scanners Drum Scanner Flatbed Scanner Handheld Scanner

16. Drum Scanner This is a type of scanner used to capture the highest resolution from an image. It uses a rotating glass drum to scan.

17. Flatbed Scanner A flatbed scanner is a type of scanner  that provides a flat, glass surface to hold a sheet of paper, book or other object for  scanning . 

18. Handheld Scanner A scanner  that is moved by hand over the material being captured.  Handheld scanners  are small and less expensive 

19. OCR (Optical Character Recognition) is a technology that can easily scan and extract the text from document images, then convert them into editable and searchable files. What is Optical Character Recognition (OCR)?

20. Optical Mark Reader is a tool that can capture the human-marked data from document forms like multiple choice paper response sheets, surveys and tests instantaneously. What is OMR (Optical Mark Reader/Recognition)?

21. Magnetic Ink Character Recognition is a character recognition system that uses special ink and characters. It is used in banks to facilitate the processing of cheques . What is MICR (magnetic ink character recognition)?

22. It is an input device used for reading bar codes present on various products. What is a Bar Code Reader?

23. A  joystick  is an input device that allows the user to control a object or machine in a computer program. It has a moving stick. What is a Joystick?

24. A  microphone  is an input device that captures audio by converting sound waves into an electrical signal.  What is a microphone?

25. A light pen is a light-sensitive pointing input device commonly used to select or modify text or data on a monitor screen. What is a Light pen?

26. A digital camera records and stores photographic images in digital form. Digital Camera

27. A webcam – short for ‘web camera’ – is a digital camera that’s connected to a computer. It can send live pictures from wherever it’s sited to another location by means of the internet. Web Cam

28. What is Output Unit ? The output unit is used for displaying the processed data in a human-readable form. An  output device  is any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts information into human-readable form. 

29. what are the different types of output devices ? Monitor – A monitor is an output device that displays information in pictorial form. It is also called Visual Display Unit (VDU). Monitor resolution measured in Pixels . The first computer monitor was invented on March 1, 1973.

30. What are the different types of monitors? Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitors. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or Thin Film Transistor (TFT) monitors. Light- Emitting Diode Monitors.

31. Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitors. CRT look like a television . CRT coated with tiny dots of phosphor material. Each dot consists of a red, blue, green phosphor. Common sizes are 15,17, 19,21 and 22 inches.

32. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or Thin Film Transistor (TFT) monitors A liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor is a computer monitor or display that uses LCD technology to show clear images. LCD monitors are thinner and lighter than CRT monitors. The sizes of LCD monitors from 17 inches to 60 inches.

33. Light Emitting Diode(LED) Monitor LED display is a flat panel display, which uses light-emitting diodes as a video display. LED monitors , including ultra-wide, high-resolution & space saving  monitors .

34. TOUCH SCREEN MONITOR Touch screen monitors can be used to in-put information by touching the icons and receive information from a single monitor. It is also used in ATM machines .

35. WHAT IS A PRINTER ? A printer is an output device that produces text and graphics on paper .

36. What are the types of printers ? Printer can be divided into two main groups : Impact printer Non-impact Printer

37. Difference between Impact and Non Impact Printer Impact Printer The older form of printers that did not have many features. The printer allow physical contact between the printer head and paper. Cost -The price of needles for an impact printer is less than the other parts. Speed : Slower Type : Dot-matrix printer, Daisy wheel printers, line printer, Drum printers,  Non- Impact Printer The modern form of printers that have many more features and feasibility when it comes to printing. The printer do not allow physical contact between the printing heads and paper. Cost-The price of ink required for a non-impact printer becomes its biggest drawback. Speed : Faster Type : Inkjet printers, photo printers, laser printers, thermal printers, mobile printers, plotters.

38. Dot-matrix printer Daisy wheel printer

39. Thermal Printer Ink jet printer

40. L aser printers

41. What is a Speaker ? Speakers  are popular  output devices  used with computer systems. They receive audio input from the computer's sound card and produce audio  output  in the form of sound waves.

42. What is a Plotter ? The plotter is a computer printer for printing vector graphics that gives a hard copy of the output based on instructions from the system..

43. what are the different types of plotter ? There are two main  types of plotters  . Flatbed Plotter Drum Plotter

44. Flatbed Plotter A flatbed plotter is also known as Table Plotter. It plots on paper that is spread and fixed over a rectangular flatbed table.

45. Drum Plotter A  drum plotter  is also  known as Roller Plotter . It consists of a  drum  or  roller  on which a paper is placed and the  drum  rotates back and forth to produce the graph on the paper. 

46. CPU(CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT) The processing unit (CPU) is considered the brain of a computer. It is also called a central processor or main processor, is the electronic circuitry with in a computer. It has two components: Control Unit : extracts instructions form memory and decode and execute them. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) : Handles arithmetic and logical operations.

47. STORAGE DEVICES Hard Disk : The hard disk drive is the main , and usually largest, data storage hardware device in a computer. It is also called HD or HDD(Hard Disk Drive). Hard disk is made up of collection of disks known as platters . CD ROM : It stands for Compact Disc. It a type of read-only memory means computer can read- but not write to or erase. The storage capacity varies from 650 MB to 900 MB. There are two types of CD ROMs- CD-R (Compact Disk Recordable) CD-RW(Compact Disk Rewriteable )

48. DVD(DIGITAL VERSATILE DISK) DVD stands for digital video disc or digital versatile disc. It is a type of optical media used for storing digital data. DVD can hold 4.7 GB to 17 GB of data. There are 3 types of DVD. DVD-R DVD-RW DVD-R and DVD-RW

49. Blu-Ray Disc It is a high capacity optical disk medium developed for recording, rewriting and playing back high definition (HD) video. Store large amount of data. It stores 25 GB of data It uses blue-violet laser technology.

50. Flash Drive Flash Drive is a data storage device that includes flash memory. It connects to a device through a USB port. It is used to transfer audio, video and data files . Flash drive capacity from 8 GB to 256 GB.

51. Memory stick Memory Stick  is a removable flash memory card format, originally launched by Sony in late 1998. Storage capacity of memory stick are 4MB ,8 MB ,32MB ,64MB and 2 TB Varieties : Memory stick PRO, Memory Stick Duo, Magic Gate