Types of mycosis, dermatophytes, chromomycosis.

types of mycosis and brief account of Dermatophytes and chromomycosis

1. Types of mycosis, brief account of Dermatophytes & Chromomycosis Name – Saiyam Gothi Class – MSc microbiology sem 1

2. Mycosis A disease caused by mycosa or mycotic organism like aspergillus, Histoplasma, and other pathogenic fungi such type of infection called as mycosis.

3. causes Weaken immune system eg.HIV/AIDS Under steroids treatment People taking chemotherapy People with diabetes also susceptible to fungal disease

4. Types of mycosis Superficial mycosis
cutaneous mycosis
subcutaneous mycosis Systemic mycosis due to primary pathogen
systemic mycosis due to opertunistic pathogen

5. Superficial mycosis Superficial mycosis are limited to outermost layer of skin and hair
•example – tinea versicolour •effect occur on chest,back and upper arms and legs.

6. Cutaneous mycosis Cutaneous mycosis extend deeper epidermis , and also include invasive hair and nail disease. •The organism cause these disease are called dermatophytes .

7. Subcutaneous mycosis Subcutaneous mycosis involve the dermis , subcutaneous tissue and muscle. •this infection are chronic and initiated by piercing trauma to the skin which allows the fungi to enter. • these infection are difficult to treat and may require surgical treatment.

8. Systemic mycosis due to primary pathogen Systemic mycosis due to primary pathogens originate primary in lungs and may spread to many organ system. In general primary pathogens that causes systemic mycosis are Dimorphic.

9. Systemic mycosis due oppertunistic pathogen Systemic mycosis due to opertunistic pathogen are infections of patients with immune deficiencies Like AIDS Example: candidiasis, aspergillosis

10. Dermatophytes Dermatophytoses (tinea or ringworm) is the most common superficial mycosis affecting skin ,hair and nails. These fungi are capable of digest keratin. Filametous fungi
does not invade living tissue Dermatophyte are hyaline septate molds with more than 100 species described

11. Morphological classification

12. Ecological classification 1-Anthrophilic - infect humans 2-Zoophilic - infect animals and birds 3-Geophilic. - Isolated from soil

13. Clinical types of dermatophytes

14. Pathogenesis and diagnosis Mode of infection – acquired by direct contact with soil, particles of infected humans and animals. Incubation period -1 to 2 weeks 1- woods lamps examination 2- specimen collection
3- PCR

15. treatment Oral terbinafine or itraconazole drug used Some tropical lotion are used.

16. chromomycosis Also known as chromoblastomycosis . is a chronic fungal infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by pigmented fungi. Characterized by the production of slowgrowing exophytic lesion on feet and legs
soil and wood are natural habitat They are introduced traumatically into human tissue. Incubation period varies from few months to few year.

17. Cause of chromomycosis Is caused by several types of fungi like phialophora verrucosa
fonsecaea pedrosoi
f.compacta Cladophialophora carrionii

18. Clinical features The lesion are usually found on exposed site like feet, arms, legs and neck
the early lesion may occasionally be an ulcer. Lesions are painless but cause itching.

19. diagnosis Superficial skin scraping from the surface of lesion and seen. biopsy

20. Treatment Excision followed by plastic repair can be performed in early lesion. Itraconazole or terbinafine used
flucytosine and amphotercin B used

21. Reference microbiology book , openstax