u # 4 teaching styles.pptx

The teaching style is that it is the most effective and efficient means of presenting. the material as long as the style is appropriate for the subject and the students. Teaching styles develop understanding, skills, and values relative to the subject.

1. Principles and styles of Teaching and Learning by FARIDA Lecturer PGCN Subject Teaching and Learning Principles and Practices

2. Objective After the completion of this unit students will be able to: Identify the characteristics of good teacher and their role in nursing education. Discuss the different principles of teaching and learning. Identify factors that influence learning. Compare relationship between teaching and learning. Discuss different learning styles and apply ways to assess learning styles . Discuss the characteristics of a child, adult and elderly learner and list strategies that are suitable for the adult group of learner.

3. Teaching A process of interacting The process of engaging students in activities that will enable them to acquire knowledge, skills, as well as worthwhile values and attitudes. Is a process planned for learning by encouraging a behavioral change . Is an art of communicating a message with impact on audience. It is concerned with growth and development of whole personality of the student, their mind, spirit, character and effective behavior .

4. An overall cluster of activities associated with a teacher, including explaining, questioning, demonstrating, and motivating A system of activities whereby all teachers' instructional tasks enable the students to learn. Is both science and art; SCIENCE as it is based on psychological research that identifies "cause and effect relationship” between teaching and learning; ART, as it shows how those relationships are implemented in successful and artistic teaching

5. Teacher : A key factor in any teaching – learning process. Constructs well-designed plan to achieve to objectives of the lesson. Prepares learning environment. Selects appropriate content/ strategies and learning activities. Adjusts content/activities strategies/ learning environment to the learners. THE LEARNER: A most important element of teaching. The natural characteristics of learners are: age, maturity, grade level, health, abilities, family background, experiences and motivation and his /her culture including values, attitudes and traditions which influence the teaching – the learning process to a very large extent .

6. THE CONTENT/ TEACHING STRATEGIES The choice of content/ subject matter to be taught to achieve desired objectives of the lesson. The selection of appropriate instructional materials/technology to facilitate learning. The use of appropriate/effective methods and strategies of teaching to arrive at the desired outcomes .

7. Criteria of good teaching Good Concept (thorough preparation) Organized Content (lesson planning) Good Quality and optimum quantity Sequence Relevance Learner oriented

8. Principles of Teaching Knowing the students Aligning the three components of instructions learning objectives, assessments, and instructional activities Clearly articulating expectations Progressive refining of the teaching methods Principles of Learning Prior knowledge on a subject Organizing knowledge so as to process it effectively Having a sense of determination Learning using the feedback loop system

9. Characteristics of a good teacher Clear Objectives for Lessons An engaging personality and teaching style Good Communication with Parents High Expectations Knowledge of Curriculum and Standards Knowledge of Subject A great teacher is a skilled leader A great teacher maintains professionalism in all areas A great teacher collaborates with colleagues on an ongoing basis (BT. Basavanthappa , 2009. P 367)

10. Cont…. Good teacher treats each child unique and it recognizes that catering to individual differences brings strength. Good teacher enables the child to learn for himself. Good teacher provides opportunities for activity, in which a good teacher keeps the students active and teacher is aware of the fact, that to keep the students disciplined and engaged with some activity. Good teacher involves skills in guiding learning, in which teacher motivates his teachings and stimulates through his personality and the activities of the students by creating such situations. (BT. Basavanthappa , 2009. P 367)

11. Cont … According to the democratic model, the good teaching: Requires appropriate responsibility to the child and group placing in the situation. The child activities can be rewarded properly. Requires reduction in the controlling function exercised continuously by the teacher. Teacher’s behavior should be indirect. Requires that the class room should be well managed, so that the business of the learning may receive full attention. Teachers perform the functions of controlling with clarity and with consistency. Requires that the human environment should be accepted by each individual that in some way it tells him that he is important.

12. Cont … Keeps or maintains interpersonal relationships supportive within the classroom. Out of this a shared problem-solving attitude develops. equire that the teacher should be well educated mature person who has insight and energy for this demanding job. It requires the responsive human environment that fosters exploration and initiative. (BT . Basavanthappa , 2009. P 367)

13. Compare relationship between teaching and learning. Teaching is the process of giving knowledge. People can teach something to others even unconsciously. Teaching is always linked with learning and learners . Learning is the acquisition of knowledge, behaviors, skills and values etc. People learn throughout their lives, either consciously or unconsciously. One does not need to be taught to learn something.

14. Teaching methods Lecture Lecture discussion Seminar Symposium (forum, debate ,) Panel discussion Group discussion Tutorials Role play Workshops Conferences

15. Adult learners

16. Adult learning Studies in adult learning theory show that adults prefer courses that focus heavily on application of concepts to relevant issues. To retain and use new information they need to be able to integrate the information with what they already know. Adults prefer a personalized learning environment with a focused effort on concept application where they can solve problems and take personal responsibility.

17. Adult learning environment

18. Adult learning Workplace learning Combination of different (teaching) methods Personal learning goals, learning styles Taking control over your own learning 19

19. Adults are intrinsically motivated Adults have accumulated life experiences Individual differences Characteristics of Adult Learners Adults are goal oriented Adults are practical and problem-solvers Adults have established opinions Adults learn best in a participatory and collaborative environment 20

20. Factors that Affect Learning Achievement 1. Internal factors   Physical factors,  Psychological factors, Fatigue factor 2. External factors Family circumstances The state of society 21

21. What factors influence learning? Readiness to learn Motivation to learn Past experience Health status Environmental stimuli Anxiety level Developmental stage Practice session length 8/29/2022 22

22. Child learner

23. Comparison of adult and child learner Child Learner/pedagogy Dependent: The teacher is responsible for learning process. Taught in direct way Passive learners Inexperience: Children have little experience Knowledge delivery one fashion Motivation: Is external via pressure, fear, praise. Adult Learner/andragogy Independent Can share responsibility for their own learning b/c they know their own needs Active learners Experience They bring experience into educational setting Participate Weigh pros and cons reflect and participate. Motivation Is internal driven by real life needs.

24. Visual Learners Prefer to see information such as pictures, diagrams, demonstrations Picture words and concepts they hear as images Easily distracted in lecture with no visual aids Benefit from using charts, maps, notes, and flash cards when studying. Let me see it! Learning Styles

25. What are learning s tyles ? Information enters your brain through three methods: sight, hearing, and touch. The one which you use the most is called your learning style. Visual Learners learn by sight Auditory Learners learn by hearing Tactile Learners (kinesthetic) learn by touch

26. Tactile or Kinesthetic Learners Prefer touch as their primary mode for taking in information In traditional lecture situations, they should write out important facts Create study sheets connected to vivid examples Role-playing can help them learn and remember important ideas Let me experience it ! Someone who is a visual learner tends to observe things, pictures, demonstrations, films, etc. in order to improve her or him level of knowledge. “ When I see it, then I understand ”

27. VISUAL LEARNERS Scanner Recognize word by sight Note taking Maps , diagrams and videos List developer High imaginations Easily distracted by movements Sit in front Like sketching

28. AUDITORY LEARNERS Read to self out loud. Not afraid to speak in class. Discussions. Good at explaining. Remembers names. Notices sound effects in movies. Enjoys music Is good at grammar and foreign language. Follows spoken directions well. Can’t keep quiet for long periods. Enjoys acting, being on stage. Is good in study groups.

29. KINESTHETIC LEARNERS Sports. Can’t sit still for long. Handwriting is ok. Laboratory liking. Studies with loud music on. Likes adventure books, movies. Likes role playing. Takes breaks when studying. Builds models. In martial arts and dance. Uneasy with lectures

30. Style to Learn People do not learn everything that is taught. We learn only 20% of what we hear. We can use 40% of what we hear and see. We can use 80% of what we see, hear and experience.

31. Remember! No matter what your Learning Style is it’s very important to- Be involved in class – participate! Link classroom experience to the outside world Relate class concepts to your own life . Stimulate further relevant discussion. Don’t get distracted Keep an open mind: there are many ideas beyond your own. All life is learning - it never stops!

32. How to Learn Effectively What I hear, I forget. What I see, I remember. What I do, I know.

33. Nursing role in teaching Instructional role Faculty role Individual role Administration role ( Basavanthappa , BT. 2009, P 368)

34. Levinson's Theory 1. Early Adult Transition   (Age 17-22). 2. Entering the Adult World  (Age 22-28). 3. Age 30 Transitions   (Age 28-33). 4. Settling Down  (Age 33-40) 5. Mid-Life Transition   (Age 40-45). 6. Entering Middle Adulthood   (Age 45-50). 7. Late Adulthood   (Age 60+). 39

35. References Knowles, M.S. 1990. The Adult Learner: a Neglected Species 4th edition. Houston: Gulf Publishing Company, Book Division. Basavanthappa , BT. 2009. Nursing Education: characteristics of a good teacher. 2 nd edition. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. P 376.

36. Thank you