understand child-labor and what is your role in preventing it

This is regarding understanding child labor and what is you role in prevention of child labor

1. 'Let's act on our commitments: End Child Labour! Presented by : Mrs Amitha R Associate professor BGS international Foundation For Health Science , Mysore

2. Observe this and write your opinion

3. Learning objectives Explain the general information about the child labour Explain Indian Enforcement Mechanisms, Challenges and Issues in implementing Describe i mpact of child labour on child and society List the contribution of government and NGO in ending the child labour Enumerate the law and conventions against child labour Explain responsibility of the nursing students in ending the child labour 01 02 03 06 05 04

4. Understanding Child Labour : Definitions Child labor is a complex and multifaceted issue that encompasses a wide range of activities performed by children, often in hazardous and exploitative conditions. It is defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential, their dignity , and that is harmful to their physical and mental development .

5. PREVALENCE 152 million children engaged in child labor globally, with the majority concentrated in Africa and Asia. The issue remains pervasive, particularly in developing countries where poverty and lack of access to education drive families to rely on child labor . In India 10.1 million (3.9% of total child population) are working, either as ‘main worker’ or as ‘marginal worker’. In addition, more than 42.7 million children in India are out of school. International Labour Organization (ILO ) estimated UNICEF(2020) 160 million worldwide – an increase of 8.4 million children in the last four years

6. Causes of Child Labour In many developing regions, schools are inaccessible or unaffordable, leaving children with no choice but to work to support their families. Lack of Access to Education Children in war-torn areas or refugee camps are particularly vulnerable to being forced into hazardous forms of labor to survive. Conflict and Displacement Families in poverty often rely on their children's income to make ends meet, driving them into child labor at the expense of education . Poverty In some cultures, child labor is seen as a normal part of a child's upbringing, perpetuating the cycle of exploitation Cultural Norms

7. Types of Child Labor Industrial Work Construction a Agricultural Labor Domestic Service Commercial Sexual Exploitation

8. IMPACT OF CHILD LABOUR ON CHILD Occupational Hazards Work-related Diseases Malnutrition Physical Health 01 Isolation Loss of Childhood Social Impact 04 Lack Cognitive Development: Behavioural Issues Psychological and Emotional Well-being 02 Poverty Cycle Economic Exploitation Economic Impact 05 Quality of Education Dropout Rates Future Employment: Educational Impact 03 Violation of Rights Lack of Protection Legal and Rights-Based Impact 06

9. Impact of child labour on society,   understand through video

10. IMPACT OF CHILD LABOR ON SOCIETY 01 02 03 Poverty continue

11. Laws and Conventions United States : Fair Labour Standards Act (FLSA), 1938 : It prohibits the employment of children under the age of 14 in non-agricultural jobs and restricts hazardous work for those under 18 . Brazil : Constitution of Brazil, 1988 : The constitution prohibits any form of work for children under the age of 16, except as an apprentice from the age of 14 Nigeria : Child Rights Act, 2003 : The employment of children under the age of 18 in hazardous work and ensuring the right to education and health . International Labour Organization (ILO) Conventions National laws ILO Convention No. 138 (Minimum Age Convention, 1973): This convention sets the minimum age for admission to employment and work. ILO Convention No. 182 (Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999): effective measures to eliminate the worst forms of child labour , which include slavery, trafficking, forced labour , and hazardous work that is harmful to the health, safety, or morals of children.

12. Indian Laws and Conventions Article 21A : free and compulsory education for all children aged 6 to 14 years . Article 24 : Prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 in factories, mines, and other hazardous employment . Article 39(e) : ensures that children are not abused and that their childhood and youth are protected against exploitation, moral and material abandonment .

13. Indian Key Legislative Acts Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 Right to Education Act, 2009

14. Indian Enforcement Mechanisms National Child Labour Project (NCLP) Launched in 1988 to rehabilitate child labourers through special schools providing education, vocational training, and nutrition. Focuses on districts with a high incidence of child labour . Child-line 1098 A 24-hour toll-free emergency phone service for children in need of care and protection, including child labourers. Operates in collaboration with the Ministry of Women and Child Development.

15. Cont … Labour Inspections Conducted by state labour departments to enforce child labour laws and ensure compliance. National Authority for the Elimination of Child Labour Coordinates efforts across different ministries and agencies to address child labour.

16. Challenges and Issues Enforcement : Despite strong legal provisions, enforcement remains weak due to lack of resources, corruption, and bureaucratic inefficiencies. Poverty and Economic Necessity : Many families rely on the income generated by their children, making eradication difficult. Cultural Acceptance : In some communities, child labour is culturally accepted, complicating efforts to eliminate it. Informal Sector : Much of child labour occurs in the informal sector, such as agriculture and family businesses, which are harder to regulate.

17. Government and NGO Initiatives Education Initiatives: Programs aimed at improving access to education, such as the Mid-Day Meal Scheme, which incentivizes school attendance. Awareness Campaigns: Initiatives to raise awareness about the harms of child labour and the importance of education. Economic Support: Schemes like the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) which provide vocational training to older children and adolescents.

18. What is your responsibility? Identifying cases : Nurses must be vigilant in recognizing the signs of child labor and report any suspected cases to the appropriate authorities. Educating families: Nurses can play a crucial role in educating families about the dangers of child labor and the importance of children's education and wellbeing. Collaborating for change : Nurses should work alongside other healthcare professionals, policymakers, and child welfare organizations to advocate for stronger legislation and enforcement to protect children from exploitation.

19. Educating the Community to End Child Labor

20. Call for action for nurses Advocate : Nurses must be vocal advocates for children's rights and use their expertise to influence policymakers and drive change. Educate Educating colleagues, families, and communities about the realities of child labor is crucial to raising awareness and inspiring action. Empower By empowering children and families with knowledge and resources, nurses can help break the cycle of child labor and protect vulnerable youth. Collaborate Nurses should work closely with other professionals and organizations to develop comprehensive strategies to address child labor.

21. Video to understand child labour and how to make use of child help line

22. QUOTE There is no reason, there is no excuse. Child Labour is child abuse. The most precious thing that you can gift a child is his childhood. Let us stand against child labour

23. Reference Basu K, Tzannatos Z. The Global Child Labor Problem: What Do We Know and What Can We Do? World Bank Econ Rev. 2003;17:147–73 . Angnihotram RV. An overview of occupational health research in India. Indian Journal of Occupational Environ Med. 2005;9:10–4.  Unicef , Guide to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. 2006. [Last accessed on 2006].  ILO good practice guide for addressing child labour in fisheries and aquaculture: Policy and practice preliminary version international labour organization. 2011  [ ILO . Child Labor : How the challenge is being met.  Int Labor Rev. 1997;136:233–57.  

24. THANK YOU! Address BGS international Foundation for Health Science, Mysore Contact us 9844428387 E-mail [email protected]