Understanding CBT and REBT in Therapy.pptx

This presentation is an analysis of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), focusing on how each therapeutic approach impacts a client's outcome.

1. Understanding CBT and REBT in Therapy

2. Introduction to CBT and REBT 2 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) : A short-term, goal-oriented therapy focusing on changing behavioral or thinking patterns to manage problems. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT): A form of CBT primarily focused on resolving behavioral and emotional issues through changing irrational beliefs. Common Goal : CBT and REBT aim to help clients identify and alter unhealthy behaviors, beliefs, and or thoughts. Empowering Clients : Both techniques prioritize helping clients learn skills that they can employ to manage life challenges more effectively. Structured Techniques : These techniques use structured approaches to help identify negative thoughts, challenge them, and replace them with balanced alternatives. Client Practice : Employing the skills learned from CBT and REBT outside therapy helps clients make progress faster and become more resilient. ( Neukrug & Hays, 2023)

3. Cloud-based opportunities 3 Assumptions of Human Nature in CBT CBT assumes that human beings are genetically and evolutionarily predisposed to emotional responses. It further assumes that even if humans were adaptive in the past, they can adopt maladaptive practices in the present world. That even if humans may have a genetic predisposition for maladaptive emotions, one can overcome them with adaptive skills they learn from parents and others. CBT believes that humans can change their thought patterns to create positive behavioral and emotional outcomes. Therapy is a collaborative process, with the therapist acting as a coach to guide clients toward identifying and restructuring unhelpful thoughts. ( Neukrug & Hays, 2023)

4. Assumptions of Human Nature in REBT 4 REBT believes it is human beliefs, rather than events themselves that cause emotions about the events. REBT considers humans both rational and irrational, and that irrational beliefs lead to emotional distress. REBT assumes that all people can think rationally, but they tend to fall into irrational thought patterns. REBT prioritizes unconditional self-acceptance, even when one experiences setbacks or makes mistakes. Negative emotions, such as anxiety and anger, are a product of unrealistic beliefs about others or oneself. It holds that once one disrupts irrational beliefs, it becomes possible to alter negative emotional responses, resulting in a more healthier life. ( Neukrug & Hays, 2023; King et al., 2024)

5. 5 Automatic Thoughts in CBT Automatic thoughts refer to spontaneous, involuntary thoughts that emerge as a response to events, in most cases, without conscious awareness. These thoughts can be negative – resulting in feelings of anxiety, sadness, or low self-esteem. Automatic thoughts are usually inaccurate or distorted, resulting in unhelpful behaviors or emotional distress. When they go unchecked, automatic thoughts tend to reinforce negative beliefs about a situation or oneself. CBT teaches one to identify these automatic thoughts through discussions, journaling, and self-reflection. One a client identifies these thoughts, they must challenge themselves to replace the negative thoughts with more realistic and balanced ones to reduce negative emotions. ( Neukrug & Hays, 2023)

6. Cognitive Distortions in CBT 6 Cognitive distortions are irrational, exaggerated thinking patterns that often result in negative emotions. Examples of cognitive distortions include overgeneralization, emotional reasoning, mind reading, and all-or-nothing thinking . Cognitive distortions affect human behavior by reinforcing negative feelings, often resulting in unhelpful actions. CBT focuses on promoting greater awareness of the negative effects of these distortions, allowing clients to recognize them when they occur. The ultimate goal of CBT is replacing distorted thoughts with realistic and balanced ones, resulting in improved emotional well-being. ( Neukrug & Hays, 2023; Zaurig et al., 2024)

7. B2B market scenarios Develop winning strategies to keep ahead of the competition Capitalize on low-hanging fruit to identify a ballpark value Visualize customer directed convergence Cloud-based opportunities Iterative approaches to corporate strategy Establish a management framework from the inside 7 The ABC model stands for Activating event, Beliefs, and Consequences. A = Activating Event : The situation that triggers thoughts, feelings, or behaviors. B = Beliefs : Beliefs about the activating event can be rational or irrational, shaping the outcome. C = Consequences : Emotional and behavioral consequences arise based on the beliefs held about the event. The goal of REBT is to identify irrational beliefs that lead to unhealthy emotional consequences. By promoting rational thinking, individuals can develop healthier emotional and behavioral responses to similar activating events. ABC Model in REBT ( Neukrug & Hays, 2023; Saulius & Malinauskas , 2023 ).

8. Using the ABC Model to Challenge Beliefs Identifying the Trigger : The key focus is on teaching the client to identify activating events that promote negative emotional responses. Examining Beliefs : Here, the focus is on identifying the specific beliefs that follow a situation . Disputing Irrational Beliefs : Once identified, the client is taught how to challenge the irrational beliefs and determine their helpfulness and accuracy. Replacing Beliefs with Rational Alternatives : Then, the client is taught how to replace ir rational beliefs with healthier ones. Behavioral Practice : The key focus here is encouraging a client to use the ABC model to test the impact of rational thinking within real-life situations. (Gong et al., 2023) 8

9. Evidence-Based Techniques in CBT 9 CBT employs different evidence-based techniques, including: Cognitive Restructuring : This technique focuses on identifying and changing maladaptive thoughts and replacing them with healthy ones. Exposure Therapy : This approach involves gradual exposure to feared situations and is used for treating anxiety disorders. Behavioral Activation : Helps clients engage in positive activities to combat feelings of depression and inactivity. Relaxation Techniques : This technique involves teaching clients progressive muscle relaxation and deep breathing to help them manage physical symptoms of stress or anxiety. Research Evidence : These techniques are supported by extensive research, demonstrating their effectiveness for anxiety, depression, and other mental health conditions. (Milne & Reiner, 2023; Neukrug & Hays, 2023)

10. How CBT Addresses Client Concerns Stress Management : C ognitive restructuring helps in reducing a client’s stress levels by changing how they interpret stressful events. Relapse Prevention : CBT teaches clients strategies that can prevent relapse by helping them understand the triggers and successful coping techniques for different challenges. Depression : By challenging negative self-beliefs and encouraging engagement in pleasurable activities, CBT is highly effective for treating depression. Anxiety Disorders : CBT helps clients understand and modify their thought patterns to reduce anxiety symptoms. Problem-solving skills : CBT helps a client develop effective problem-solving skills that they can use during challenging life situations. Self-Esteem : CBT targets and helps a client reframe cognitive distortions, fostering self-confidence and compassion. (Milne & Reiner, 2023) 10

11. How CBT is Evidence-based Practice 11 Extensive Research Base : CBT has undergone extensive research, and has been the subject of numerous studies. High Success Rates : Many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of CBT in treating conditions such as anxiety and PTSD. Recommended by Health Authorities : CBTG is endorsed by national and international o rganizations, such as the American Psychological Association and National Health Service as a primary treatment for many mental health issues. Evidence Across Populations : CBT has been proven effective even when applied across cultures, different age groups, and backgrounds, proving it’s a versatile approach. (Hoffmann, 2021; Craske , 2022)

12. Conclusion CBT and REBT : Both are structured, goal-oriented therapies with a focus on changing a client’s thought patterns to improve their emotions and behavior. Human Nature Assumptions : CBT focuses on the connection between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, while REBT emphasizes on rational and irrational beliefs. Automatic Thoughts : These techniques help address automatic, negative thoughts that affect a client’s emotions and behaviors. Cognitive Distortions : These are unhelpful thinking patterns that CBT helps identify, challenge, and change. ABC Model in REBT : The ABC model helps clients recognize how irrational beliefs lead to negative consequences and provides a framework to develop healthier responses. Client Empowerment : Practicing both CBT and REBT in daily life can improve emotional well-being, boost confidence, and help achieve goals. 12

13. 2024 13 Neukrug , E. & Hays, D. G. (2023). Counseling theory and practice . Cognella Inc. King, A. M., Plateau, C. R., Turner, M. J., Young, P., & Barker, J. B. (2024). A systematic review of the nature and efficacy of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy interventions.  PloS one ,  19 (7), e0306835. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306835 Zaiden, F., Mahfar , M., Senin , A. A., & Fakhruddin, F. M. (2023). Global Research Pattern of Cognitive Distortion: A Bibliometric Analysis. SAGE Open . https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231219658 Gong, H., Deng, S., Wang, H., & Cao, G. (2023). Using the ABC theory of emotion to examine the relationship between health anxiety and health information-seeking behavior among the rural population. Digital Health , 9 . https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076231208559 Milne, D. L., & Reiser, R. P. (2023). Evidence-based methods for training CBT supervisors: Recommendations for career-long development. In M. D. Terjesen & T. Del Vecchio (Eds.),  Handbook of training and supervision in cognitive behavioral therapy  (pp. 243–258). Springer Nature Switzerland AG.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33735-2_14 Saulius , T., & Malinauskas , R. (2023). Using Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy to Improve Psychological Adaptation among Future Coaches in the Post-Pandemic Era. Healthcare , 11 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060803 references Zaiden, F., Mahfar , M., Senin , A. A., & Fakhruddin, F. M. (2023). Global Research Pattern of Cognitive Distortion: A Bibliometric Analysis. SAGE Open . https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231219658

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