Understanding Clauses and it's type with Renu

Definition: A clause is a group of related words that contains a subject and a predicate.

The students who are in Mrs. Parker’s class are smart.
An independent (or main) clause can stand on its own. An independent clause is a complete thought.

Ms. Lowery teaches math.
A phrase (or subordinate) clause is not a complete thought. It is a fragment.

Because the students performed well on the exam…

If I won the lottery…

An adjective clause is a clause that describes a noun.
Adjective clauses are always dependent clauses.
There are 5 words (relative pronouns) that introduce adjective clauses:
who, whom, whose, which, that
Sometimes the relative pronouns that introduce an adjective clause are implied.

Example:
The grade I received was a shock.

The pronoun that is implied.

The grade [that] I received was a shock.
An adverb clause contains a subject and a predicate.

It answers the adverb questions how, when or why.

Trevon read the book until he fell asleep.

1. Clauses Independent & Dependent Clauses

2. Clauses Definition: A clause is a group of related words that contains a subject and a predicate . The students who are in Mrs. Parker’s class are smart.

3. Clauses vs. Phrases A phrase is a group of words without a subject and a predicate Maggie gave a gift to Ted . Students who eat breakfast have more energy. Phrase Clause

4. Independent (Main) Clauses An independent (or main) clause can stand on its own. An independent clause is a complete thought. Ms. Lowery teaches math. I ate breakfast.

5. Dependent (Subordinate) Clauses A dependent (or subordinate) clause is not a complete thought. It is a fragment. Because the students performed well on the exam… If I won the lottery… who is wearing a red shirt…

6. Combining Independent & Dependent Clauses A dependent clause must be added to an independent clause to be a complete thought. When a dependent clause comes before an independent clause, you must add a comma between the two. Because the students performed well on the exam , the teachers did a little dance. Dependent Clause Independent Clause

7. Interrupting a Main Clause Sometimes a dependent clause comes in between a main clause. Mr. Buckhalter , who teaches math , is competitive. Main clause Subordinate clause

8. Identifying Independent & Dependent Clauses Ashley sings a song. If my team wins the game Because the students skipped school Jessica’s favorite subject is English.

9. Adjective Clauses An adjective clause is a clause that describes a noun. Adjective clauses are always dependent clauses. There are 5 words (relative pronouns) that introduce adjective clauses: who, whom, whose, which, that

10. Adjective Clauses Sometimes the relative pronouns that introduce an adjective clause are implied. Example: The grade I received was a shock. The pronoun that is implied. The grade [that] I received was a shock.

11. Essential and Non-Essential Adjective Clauses Adjective clauses can be identified in two ways: essential and non-essential. Essential clauses are necessary information. They do not have commas around them. Non-essential clauses are extra information. Commas are placed around non-essential clauses.

12. Examples An example of an essential clause: The teachers that I like best are funny. * Essential clauses help identify specific things or people An example of a non-essential clause: My English book, which is terribly boring , calls my floor home. * Non-essential clauses are extra information.

13. Adverb Clauses An adverb clause contains a subject and a predicate. It answers the adverb questions how, when or why. Trevon read the book until he fell asleep . Independent clause Dependent clause & Adverb clause

14. Adjective & Adverb Clauses The girl who wore a blue dress won the prize. Jack, who always chews gum, likes to play baseball. Maggie called Ted because he sent her roses.