UNDERSTANDING CULTURE SOCIETY AND POLITICS7-Conformity-and-Deviance.pptx

ABOUT CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

1. CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

2. CONFORMITY refers to the process of altering one’s thoughts and actions to adapt to the accepted behavior within his or her group or society . It is the product of pressure exerted by the group on the individual.

3. DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONFORMITY COMPLIANCE This type of conformity occurs when an individual outwardly performs an act prescribed by the group, but deep inside disagrees with his/her very act. However, this type of conformity stops when there are no group pressures to conform, hence, it is a temporary behavioural change. For example, observing proper haircut in school: you follow the prescribed haircut for male students but privately disagree with it, but because of fear of punishment you choose to observe the rules and regulation of the school

4. DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONFORMITY IDENTIFICATION When there is a need to establish one’s identity in relation to another person or group of people this type of conformity occurs, it is called Identification. People perform this level of conformity because they enjoy the feeling or at least the idea of being identified with them. For example, I imitate my K-pop idols because I love the idea of being like them. Here you conform because of the joy you experience whenever you are associated with the group or person you want to be identified with.

5. DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONFORMITY INGRATIATION Conformity in the form of ingratiation occurs when a person conforms in order to impress or win favor of other people by saying things they like to hear. Here, the focus is on the reward the person will get by ingratiating. For example, you are telling your teacher that she is extra ordinarily beautiful today, that she is blooming. She may be blooming, but the real reason you are telling this to your lovely teacher is for her not to reprimand you for being late to her class.

6. DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONFORMITY INTERNALIZATION Internalization involves public and private conformity . This means that the agent or the doer of the action changes his/her behaviour not merely to fit in with the group, but also because he/she agrees with what she/he is doing. In other words, there is a genuine acceptance of group norms. Internalization becomes the deepest level of conformity. For example, I am not throwing my garbage anywhere I want, not only because I want to imitate the people around me or I am afraid to be punished but because I realize the value of taking good care of our surroundings.

7. DEVIANCE Deviant behavior is any behavior that is contrary to the dominant norms of society. behavior that is recognized as violating expected cultural norms. behavior that departs significantly from social expectations. EXAMPLE: A Crime committed by a person

8. DEVIANCE There are many different theories that explain how behavior comes to be classified as deviant and why people engage in it, including: Biological Explanation Deviance occurs due to pathological defects. Psychological Explanation Personality of an individual affects behavior. Unsuccessful socialization may lead to some personality disorders.

9. ELEMENTS OF DEVIANCE 1. BEHAVIORAL EXPECTATION (shared) 2. VIOLATION 3. REACTION Avoidance Criticism Warnings Punishment Treatment

10. RELATIVITY OF DEVIANCE 1. AUDIENCE RELATIVITY - deviance is relative to particular cultural standards. 2. ACTOR RELATIVITY - evaluation depends on who is doing the act. 3. SITUATIONAL RELATIVITY - where and when something occurs.

11. FORMS OF DEVIANCE 1. RITUALISM This describes those who pursue the legitimate means of attaining goals, but who set more humble and achievable goals for themselves. Example of this is a politician who may join a religious organization not for moral or ethical purpose but rather for political reason.

12. FORMS OF DEVIANCE 2. INNOVATION it is the use of illegitimate or unconventional means of obtaining the culturally valued goal . An example is the introduction of modern family planning method. It seems vital in controlling the population but it is a violation of the Christian norms on the sanctity of life.

13. FORMS OF DEVIANCE 3. RETREATISM When people both reject the culturally valued goals of a society and the legitimate means of attaining them and live their lives in a way that evades participation in both, they can be described as retreating from society. Example of this is a student who denies that education is a mean in achieving goals and ended to “dropping out” or quitting from studying

14. FORMS OF DEVIANCE 4. REBELLION This applies to people and groups that both reject the culturally valued goals of a society and the legitimate means of attaining them, but instead of retreating, work to replace both with different goals and means . Examples of this are the terrorist groups.

15. SUMMARY

16. CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS