Understanding Median in Mathematics: A Key Measure of Central Tendency

This presentation explores the concept of the median in mathematics, a fundamental measure of central tendency. The median represents the middle value in a sorted dataset, making it a crucial tool in statistics and data analysis. Unlike the mean, the median is resistant to extreme values, making it particularly useful for skewed distributions.

Topics covered include how to calculate the median for odd and even datasets, its significance in real-world applications, and comparisons with other statistical measures like the mean and mode. This guide is ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in mastering basic statistical concepts.

1. Median

2. Median The median of a set of data is the middlemost number or center value in the set. The median is also the number that is halfway into the set. Condition: Sorted data Example: The set of numbers is 2, 3,4 , 6 , 8, 9, 11 Median

3. Median Formula (Ungrouped data) th When n is even 2 Median = th Observation th + ) Observation   When n is odd   (  

4. Example (Odd Number) 102, 56, 34, 99, 89, 101, 10. Step 1: Sort your data from the smallest number to the highest number. 10, 34, 56, 89, 99, 101, 102. Step 2: Find the value of n n = 7 Step 3: Find ( ) th number ( ) or 4 th number = 89 (Median)  

5. Example (Even Number) 102, 56, 34, 99, 89, 101, 10, 54 Step 1:  Place the data in ascending order. 10, 34, 54, 56, 89, 99, 101, 102. Step 2: Find the value of n n = 8 .

6. Step 3:  Find ( ) th and ( +1) th numbers . 10, 34, 54,  56, 89 , 99, 101, 102 Step 4: Add the two middle numbers and then divide by two,  to get the average: 56 + 89 = 145 145 / 2 = 72.5. The median is 72.5.  

7. Median Formula (Grouped data)   Here, l = lower boundary point of median class n = Total frequency cf = Cumulative frequency of the class preceding the median class f = Frequency of the median class i = class width of the median class

8. Example Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 Frequency 15 20 25 24 22 14 5 Find the Median of the following distribution

9. Class Frequency (f) Cumulative Frequency ( cf ) 0 - 10 15 15 10 – 20 20 35 20 – 30 25 60 30 – 40 24 84 40 – 50 22 106 50 – 60 14 120 60 - 70 5 125 Total n = 125

10. Here, n = 125 So, median = Measure of 63rd term is situated in the class (30 - 40) Thus median class is (30 - 40)   = 31.04   Here, l = 30 n = 125 cf = 60 f = 24 i = 10  

11. Thankyou