Unit 1_ LO 2_ Theories, Principles, and Models of Communication.pptx

Theories of communication with applcation in healthcare

1. Theories, Principles, and Models of Communication

2. Theories of Communication Transactional Analysis Social Interactionism

3. Transactional Analysis (Berne) Interpersonal interactions are focused in transactional analysis. Transactional analysis classifies interpersonal interaction into three ego states: Parent, Adult, and Child. This theory helps in understanding communication patterns and identifying potential misalignments. The application of this theory is to recognise ego states that aid in interpersonal communication. As a result, it allows individuals to navigate conversations effectively by adjusting their communication style based on the perceived ego state of the other person.

4. Social Interactionism (Vygotsky) The role of social interaction in cognitive development is emphasised in Vygotsky’s social interactionism. It posits that communication plays a crucial role in knowledge construction. The application of this theory in educational settings is to incorporate collaborative learning activities to foster communication that enhances knowledge acquisition through peer interaction and shared experiences.

5. Principles of Communication Clarity and Simplicity Active Listening

6. Clarity and Simplicity Clarity and simplicity are the most essential principles of communication. The communication is always effective if it adheres to the principle of clarity and simplicity, ensuring that the intended message is easily understood by the audience. In instructional communication, teachers must present information in a clear and simple manner to facilitate understanding, especially when dealing with diverse learners.

7. Active Listening The communication cannot be effective without active listening. It involves fully concentrating, understanding, responding, and remembering what is being said during a communication exchange. Interpersonal communication can be enhanced by employing active listening principles. Active listening demonstrates respect, validates others' perspectives, and reduce misunderstandings.

8. Models of Communication Linear Model Transactional Model

9. Linear Model (Shannon and Weaver) The linear model depicts communication as a one-way process. It involves a sender who encodes a message, a channel through which the message is transmitted, and a receiver who decodes the message. While simplistic, the linear model is useful in understanding basic communication processes and forms the foundation for more intricate models.

10. Transactional Model (Schramm) Unlike the linear model, the transactional model views communication as a dynamic, two-way process where both parties simultaneously send and receive messages. This model is valuable for explaining the complexity of real-life communication scenarios, which accounts for feedback loops and the constant interchange of roles between sender and receiver.

11. Barriers to Communication Understanding communication theories, principles, and models is essential. Yet practitioners must also navigate various barriers that can impede effective communication. These barriers can be categorized as institutional, social, cultural, and personal, each presenting unique challenges.

12. Conclusion Effective communication is integral to various aspects of our lives. It encompasses educational, professional, and personal realms. By exploring and applying communication theories, principles, and models, individuals can enhance their ability to convey information, build connections, and navigate the intricacies of human interaction. Recognising and addressing barriers further contributes to fostering clear, inclusive, and impactful communication.