UNIT 1 MICROBIOLOGY-Introduction to Microbiology.pptx

introduction to microbiology
history of microbiology
Koch's Postulates
scopes of microbiology
importance of microbiology
branches of microbiology
medical microbiology
types of microorganisms
bacteriology
virology
parasitology
mycology
immunology
brief introduction about microscope & its types

1. UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION to microbiology by: jyoti bhagat

2. Microbiology Definition Microbiology is the science of living organisms that are only visible under the microscope Microbiology  is the study of the biology of microscopic organisms - viruses, bacteria, algae, fungi, slime molds, and protozoa.

3. History of microbiology Father of modern Microbiology- louis Pasteur Father of Antiseptic Surgery- Joseph Lister Founder of Modern Bacteriology- Robert Koch, he identified the specific causative agents of TB, cholera & anthrax. In 1676, Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek described bacteria. AntonieVan Leeuwenhoek  invented the first practical microscope  and used it to become the father of microbiology. Robert Hook refined the design of the compound microscope  around 1665. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin, the first form of antibiotics.

4. Koch’s postulates Koch’s postulates were formulated in the late nineteenth century as guidelines for establishing that microbes cause specific diseases. Because the rules were developed for living agents—particularly bacteria. 1.The organism must be shown to be invariably present in characteristic form and arrangement in the diseased tissue. 2.The organism, which from its relationship to the diseased tissue appears to be responsible for the disease, must be isolated and grown in pure culture. 3. The pure culture must be shown to induce the disease experimentally. 4.The organism should be re-isolated from the experimentally infected subject [this postulate was added after Loeffler].

5. BRANCHES OF MICROBIOLOGY MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY FOOD MICROBIOLOGY SOIL MICROBIOLOGY PLANT MICROBIOLOGY INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

6. MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY Medical microbiology deals with the causative agents of infectious diseases of man, his reaction to such infections, the ways in which they produce disease and the methods for their diagnosis .

7. Branches of medical microbiology General microbiology Bacteriology Immunology Virology Mycology Parasitology genetics

8. bacteriology Bacteriology is  the branch and specialty of biology that studies the morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry of bacteria as well as many other aspects related to them .

9. Immunology Immunology  is a branch of medicine and biology that covers the medical study of immune systems in humans, animals, plants and sapient species.

10. virology Virology  is the  scientific study  of biological  viruses. Microbiology  that focuses on detection of viruses, their structure , classification and evolution, their methods of infection and exploitation of  host cells  for reproduction, their interaction with host organism physiology and immunity, the diseases they cause, the techniques to isolate and culture them, and their use in research and therapy.

11. Mycology Mycology  is the branch of  biology   concerned with the study of  fungi, including their  genetic  and  biochemical   properties, and   their use to human, including as a source for   traditional medicine & food and entheogens as well as their dangers, such as  toxicity   or infection.

12. parasitology Parasitology  is the study of  parasites, their  hosts, and the relationship between them. There are three main classes of parasites that can cause disease in humans- PROTOZOA ECTOPARASITES HELMINTHS

13. Importance of microbiology To diagnose disease To find out source of infection To know prognosis Treatment Study of immunization Research

14. Importance of microbiology in nursing To prevent spread of disease Sterilization Cleaning & asepsis Caring wound

15. Types of microorganisms

16. Scope of Microbiology in Nursing Teaching in college Pathology labs Community education Counselling Health procedures Promotion of health & recovery

17. Microscope Microscope is an instrument required to magnify microorganisms that are much smaller and are far beyond the resolution limit of naked eye

18. Types of microscope Optical or light microscope Phase contrast microscope Dark field microscope Fluorescent microscope Electron microscope

19. Optical or light microscope It is used to study the morphology of bacteria in living state or after staining. Parts of microscope Stand Body Optical