Unit 1: The Earth-----------------------

Unit 1: The Earth

1. Unit 1: The Earth

2. 1. Write a definition about the rotation of the Earth ( include how long it takes and its consequences ). It is the movement of the Earth around its own axis (220 km/sec). This movement takes (slightly less than ) 24 hours and causes the succession of days and nights.

3. 2. Where does the sun rise ? The sun rises in the east . 3. Where does the sun set? The sun sets in the west .

4. North (Norte, Septentrional, Boreal) South (Sur, Meridional, Austral) East (Este, Oriente, Levante) West (Oeste, Occidente, Poniente) 4. Cardinal Points

5. Time z ones

6. 5. Explain the time zones (huso horario). A time zone is an area that has a similar hour . The time zones go from north to south following the meridians . There are 24 time zones on the Earth . ( Because there are 24 hours in a day )

7. Extra i nformation : Did you know that in the 19th century each city established its own oficial hour ? Within time the time zones were established all around the world thanks to the astronomical observatories and the use of telegraphs .

8. Debate: Should we keep or should we change our time zone ? Interesting article : Link

9. 6. Write a definition of the revolution of the Earth , (Mov imiento de traslación). It is the movement of the Earth around the Sun . It takes 365 days , 6 hours and 9 minutes. It causes the succession of four different seasons .

10. Representing the Earth

11. 7 . What is a map? A map is a flat representation of the surface of the Earth. Extra i nformation: Did you know that all the maps are wrong? As it is very complicated to represent the surface of a geoid on a flat surface all the maps show some deformation. Interesting web: “ The true size of …” Link

12. 8. What are the parallels and what are the most famous parallels? The parallels are imaginary lines that encircle the Earth horizontally. Some famous parallels are: The equator Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn Arctic circle Antarctic circle

13. The meridians are imaginary lines that encircle the Earth vertically . The most famous meridian is the Greenwich meridian . 9. What are the meridians and which one is the most famous meridian ?

14. 10. What is Latitude and how do we measure it ? Latitude is the distance from any point on the Earth to the equator . It is measured in degrees , minutes and seconds and it goes from 0º (in the equator ) to 90º north or south (in the Poles ).

15. 11. What is Longitude and how do we measure it? Longitude is the distance from any point on the Earth to the Greenwich meridian. It is measured in degrees, minutes and seconds and It goes from 0º (in the Greenwich meridian) to 180º East or West.

16. The geographical coordinates

17. 12. What is the key ( leyenda ) of a map? They key of a map is a little box (extra inf.: usually located at the bottom of a map) that explains the meaning of the different symbols used in a map. Extra i nformation: In the next slide you can see an example.

18. 13. What is the scale ( escala ) of a map? They scale is a ratio between the distance on a map and the distance in real life. Extra i nformation: According to this scale 1 cm in the map corresponds to 25000 cm in reality (or 2,5 km)