Unit 2 Basic Computer Organization and Computer Peripherals By Sulav Acharya

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1. Computer Fundamentals & Applications CACS101 Unit 2: Basic Computer Organization and Computer Peripherals (4 Hrs ) Block diagram of computer system; Input devices: Keyboard, mouse, and other types of input devices Output devices: Monitor, printer, and other types of output devices.

2. Diagram of Computer System

3. Anatomy of Digital Computer

4. The Central Processor/Central Processing Unit(CPU) The central processing unit consist of Control Unit:- control unit  regulates and integrates the computer's operations . It selects and retrieves instructions from the main memory in the correct sequence and interprets them so that the other functional elements of the system can perform their respective operations at the appropriate time.

5. Functions of CPU The CPU receives the data when the computer inputs the data through input devices such as a keyboard or mouse. After this, the CPU process these input data by performing calculations and technical algorithm. And then CPU provides the processed data through output devices such as on the monitor screen. The CPU also stores the process data

6. Four Phase Process of CPU cycle A. Primary Components Arithmetic logic unit Control unit Registers

7. 2. The arithmetic-logic Unit:- The ALU  performs simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and logic operations , such as OR and AND . The memory stores the program's instructions and data.

8. Input Devices An  input device  is any hardware or peripheral  device that sends data to a computer, allowing you to interact with and control it.

9. Functions of Input Device Collect input from users as a data. Convert collected data into machine level language. Handover that binary form data to the CPU.

10. List of input devices Mouse Keyboard Trackball Touchpad Pointing Stick Graphics Tablet Touch screen Light Pen Stylus Motion sensor Interactive smart board

11. List of input devices contd ….. Fingerprint scanner Multi-touch screen Game Pads Joysticks Steering Wheels Paddle Yoke Motion Sensing Light Gun Rhythm Game Controllers Microphone Midi keyboard Sound Cards Onboard Audio Webcam Digital Camera Digital Camcorder Biometric Scanner Barcode Reader

12. Types of Input Device Two types on the basis of Direct involvement of computer. Offline –an operation that does not directly involve a computer Online- an operation that directly involves a computer

13. Types of input devices on the basis of structure and functions Two types Basic Input Devices Special Input Devices

14. Keyboard Developed in 1800s for mechanical typewriters QWERTY keyboard DVORAK is also available. Keys are classified as numeric keys, alphabet keys, specific keys and Punctuation keys

15. Mouse Pointing device, called pointer. A mouse is a small hardware input device used by hand. It controls the movement of the cursor on the computer screen and allows users to move and select folders, text, files, and icons on a computer. It is an object, which needs to put on a hard-flat surface to use. When the users move the mouse, the cursor moves in the same direction on the display screen. The name mouse is derived from its size as it is a small, corded, and elliptical shape device that looks a bit like a mouse. A connecting wire of a mouse is imaginable to be the mouse's tail. Additionally, some of the mice have combined features like extra buttons, which may be assigned and programmed with many commands. The mouse invention is considered as one of the most important breakthroughs in the computer field as it helps 

16. What is mouse?

17. Types of mouse Mechanical mouse Opto-mechanical mouse Optical mouse

18. Other devices Microphone Track ball Track pad Joystick Digitizes Light pen scanner

19. Output devices(definition, examples and functions) Write on your own on reference of class lecture

20. Monitor A monitor is an electronic output device that is also known as a  video display terminal  (VDT) or a  video display unit  (VDU). It is used to display images, text, video, and graphics information generated by a connected computer via a computer's video card. Although it is almost like a TV, its resolution is much higher than a TV. The first computer monitor was introduced on  1 March 1973 , which was part of the Xerox Alto computer system.

21. Types of Monitor Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Monitors 2. Flat Panel Monitors 3. Touch Screen Monitors 4. LED Monitors

22. Printer Write on your own.

23. Plotter Write on your own.

24. Difference between printer and plotter

25. Difference between Impact and Non-impact printer

26. List of output devices Write on your own.