Unit 3, Lesson 3.2 - Levels of Biological Organization

Unit 3, Lesson 3.2 - Levels of Biological Organization

Lesson Outline:
1. Levels of Biological Organization
2. Characteristics of Life

1. Levels of Biological Organization Unit Three, Lesson 3.2 By Margielene D. Judan

2. LESSON OUTLINE Levels of Biological Organization Characteristics of Life

3. Life is complex, yet it is organized.

4. It is organized like a complete address: (ex. Baesa Adventist Academy, Baesa Road, Caloocan City, Metro Manila, Philippines, Asia, World, Solar System, Milky Way, Local Group Clusters, Local Group Superclusters , Universe)

5. Atom Molecule Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere simple complex (usually lifeless but essential to formation of life) (mostly living) B I O L O G Y ECOLOGY PHYSICS

6. 1. Atom Definition Examples The smallest unit of matter Oxygen (O 2 ), Helium (He) Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ >Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

7. 2. Molecule Definition Examples Group of atoms chemically bonded together DNA, chlorophyll, water, salt Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ >Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

8. 3. Organelle Definition Examples Specialized part w/in a cell Chloroplast, nucleus, vacuole, mitochondria Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ >Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

9. 4. Cell Definition Examples The basic unit of life Nerve cell, muscle cell, plant cell, red blood cell Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ >Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

10. 5. Tissue Definition Examples Group of specialized cells that perform a specific function Muscle tissue, skin tissue Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ >Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

11. 6. Organ Definition Examples Group of tissues joined as a unit to perform a function Heart, brain, liver, skin, kidney Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ >Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

12. 7. Organ System Definition Examples Group of organs joined as a unit to perform a function Nervous system, circulatory system Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

13. 8. Organism Definition Examples A distinct living thing; classified into unicellular or multicellular Human, snake, mushroom Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

14. 9. Population Definition Examples A group of organisms of the same species, living in the same area Coyotes in Yosemite Nat. Park, dogs in Baesa Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

15. 10. Community Definition Examples The interacting, living populations, that live in the same area All the populations (plants, animals, fungi, bacteria) in Yosemite Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

16. 11. Ecosystem Definition Examples A community of living organisms, and their non-living parts of the environment (energy, soil, etc.) The Yosemite community plus its energy, soil, etc. Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere

17. 12. Biosphere or ecosphere Definition Examples The zone of life on planet Earth. The sum of all ecosystems on Earth. The earth’s biosphere (it’s the only biosphere yet discovered) Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem > Biosphere

18. How do we differentiate a living thing from a non-living thing?

19. CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE Chemical or Molecular Makeup Cellular Makeup Growth Reproduction Metabolism Excretion Definite Form, Size, and Lifespan Sensitivity to Stimuli Adaptation Movement

20. 1. Chemical or Molecular Makeup All organisms are composed of both organic (ex. DNA) and inorganic (ex. water, acids, bases, salts) molecules

21. 2. Cellular Makeup All organisms are composed of cells. Two kinds of cells: Unicellular or prokaryotic (w/ one cell; ex. bacteria) Multicellular or eukaryotic (w/ many cells; ex. human)

22. 3. Growth All organisms grow and increase in size and volume due to nutrients gained from food. Intussusception is the growth of cells (for living things; ex. c ells dividing) Accretion is growth without nutrient intake (for non-living things; ex. g rowing rock)

23. 4. R eproduction Organisms make offspring off their own kind. Reproduction is essential to pass DNA to the offspring. Sexual reproduction involves union of sex cells Asexual reproduction does not require union of sex cells. It is seen in lower forms of life (ex. Sponge, bacteria)

24. 5. Metabolism Metabolism is the transformation of food to energy or vice versa. Organisms are classified as: Autotrophs – have the ability to produce own food (ex. plants, photosynthetic bacteria, algae) Heterotrophs – cannot produce own food; depend on other organisms for food (ex. humans, most animals)

25. 6. Excretion All organisms remove wastes or toxic substances from the body. (ex. Urination, lungs release CO 2 )

26. 7. Definite Form, Size, and Lifespan All organisms have definite size, form, and lifespan. Ants are small, whales are big, and you cannot expect a human to be as big as n elephant. Humans cannot live for 1,000 years like trees.

27. 8. Sensitivity to stimuli All organisms respond to their environment. Stimuli are factors that trigger a reaction of living things. Ex. Makahiya plant closing, plants growing with the direction of sunlight, a person saying “ouch” upon touching a hot surface

28. 9. Adaptation All organisms are able to adapt to their environment. Ex. Body responds to heat by sweating, birds migrate in winter, bears sleep throughout winter

29. 10. Movement All organisms move. Movement refers to action done by organisms. Motile organisms can move from one place to another (ex. jaguar, human) Nonmotile organisms cannot move from one place to another (ex. plants, fungi)

30. Sources: Science Links 7 http://www.sciencemusicvideos.com/structure-and-function-levels-of-biological-organization-worksheet /